Dynamics of COVID-19 spreading model with social media public health awareness diffusion over multiplex networks: Analysis and control

Abstract

Social media plays a crucial role in controlling the epidemic spreading by creating awareness. Epidemic spreading processes over the multiplex network where epidemic spreading in one layer and awareness spreading in another layer, are well suitable to study the spreading of infection in a small region. Using the Microscopic Markov chain approach (MMCA), the dynamical interplay between the spreading of epidemics over the physical contact layer and human awareness diffusion over the virtual contact layer over a multiplex network framework is analyzed. SEIR process for epidemic spreading and UAU process for awareness diffusion are assumed to study the spreading process of COVID-19. The basic-reproduction number [Formula: see text] is determined using the next generation matrix approach. The stability of disease-free equilibrium (DFE) and endemic equilibrium (EE) is analyzed. Using Pontryagins Minimum Principle, optimal parametric values are determined analytically for testing and cleaning the virus-contaminated surfaces. The impact of various parameters over the epidemic spread is analyzed numerically. Through numerical illustrations, the effect of early identification of exposed people and immediate cleaning of virus-contaminated surfaces over [Formula: see text] studied. The sensitivity analysis is performed to show the importance of wearing face-mask, following social distancing, washing hands frequently and, avoiding unnecessary travel. Through numerical simulations, the results obtained coincide with real data of COVID-19 spreading in the city Chennai, India. The results obtained show that in order to control or discard the spreading of COVID-19, each people should follow the self-preventive measures without relaxation till the epidemic comes nearer to the disease free state.

Determinants of COVID-19 immunisation uptake in a country with high mortality and a low vaccination rate

“…A longer daily internet usage was associated with an increased likelihood of having received a COVID-19 vaccine, up to a limit of more than 5 h/day. Given the findings of an association between the length of daily internet usage and vaccination status, and the importance, effectiveness and accessibility of digital tools, especially social media in spreading information, communication and creating awareness, such tools could be exploited for campaigns undertaken by the health sector and public health policy-makers [46] , [47] , [48] . Campaigns should be carefully crafted and targeted to specific groups, with appropriate messages and valuable content.…”

Study on the influence of the information diffusion and vaccination behavior on disease transmission in multiplex networks

“…In fact, the study of disease transmission based on complex networks was one of the earliest concerns in the field, such as the model of dynamic disease transmission on scale-free networks proposed by Pastor-S et al [14] in 2000 and the multiple methods and models of dynamic transmission of diseases on complex networks established by Newman et al [15] in 2003. In addition, along with the rapid development of complex networks, an important research direction has been gradually formed [16][17][18][19], such as Kabir et al [19] established a two-layer network model to analyze the effect of different network topology coupling on the disease transmission process.…”

Spatio-Temporal Patterns of the SARS-CoV-2 Epidemic in Germany

“…For example, attempts were also made to include the dynamics of containment measures (cf. [ 16 ]), vaccination coverage [ 17 , 18 , 19 ], as well as the dynamics of information propagation [ 20 ] in the model. As an alternative to these mathematical modelling approaches, various statistical modelling approaches were also applied.…”