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Executive SummaryThe South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project aims to restore 50-90 percent of former salt evaporation ponds into tidal marsh in South San Francisco Bay, California. However, large numbers of waterbirds use these ponds annually as nesting and foraging habitat. Islands within ponds are particularly important habitat for nesting, foraging, and roosting waterbirds. To maintain current waterbird populations, the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project plans to create new islands within former salt ponds in South San Francisco Bay. In a series of studies, we investigated pond and individual island attributes that are most beneficial to nesting, foraging, and roosting waterbirds.
Nesting Waterbird Use of IslandsWe evaluated waterbird nesting on pond islands at multiple spatial scales. First, at the largest spatial scale, we used historical nesting data to investigate how attributes of South Bay ponds influenced waterbird nest abundance and nest success among ponds. Pond attributes examined included total pond area, the number of islands within a pond, total island area, the ratio of island area to pond area, and distance to San Francisco Bay. Second, at the intermediate spatial scale, we used historical nesting data to investigate how attributes of individual islands in ponds influenced waterbird nest abundance and nest success on islands. Island attributes examined included island area, island shape, island distance to San Francisco Bay, and island distance to nearest surrounding pond levee. Third, at the smallest spatial scale, we used highly precise Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to study the topography of nesting islands to investigate within-island attributes selected by nesting waterbirds . At this small scale, we evaluated how elevation, distance to the water's edge, slope, a...