Dynamics of heterogeneous crosslinking in room temperature vulcanizing poly(dimethyl siloxane) and its dependence on moisture supply

Arends, Thomas; Huinink, H.P.; Pel, Leo L

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2018.12.059

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Until the quality of the sample on that day was the same as the quality of the previous day, the mass of the sample at this time was recorded as m , and the swelling equilibrium was reached. The cross‐linking density could be calculated by using the following equation 44 :

\ln ((), 1 goodbreak- φ) goodbreak+ φ goodbreak+ χ φ^{2} goodbreak= goodbreak- D ∙ V_{1} φ^{\frac{1}{3}},

where D is the cross‐linking density (mol/m 3 ), V 1 is the molar volume of the solvent toluene (106.113 ml/mol), χ is the Flory–Huggins parameter, and φ is the volume fraction of the polymer in the swelling matrix, both of which could be gained from the formulas as follows 45 :

χ goodbreak= 0.459 goodbreak+ 0.134 φ goodbreak+ 0.59 φ^{2},

φ goodbreak= \frac{\frac{m_{0}}{ρ_{2}}}{m / ρ_{1} + m_{0} ((), \frac{true}{1} goodbreak- \frac{true}{1})},

where ρ 1 is the solvent density (toluene, 0.867 g/ml), ρ 2 is the polymer density, m 0 is the mass before swelling, and m is the mass after swelling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Controllable construction of cross‐linking network for regulating on the mechanical properties of polydimethylsiloxane and polydimethylsiloxane/carbon nanotubes composites

Cai

Huang

Chen

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Herein, the cross‐linking density was adjusted controllably by tuning the curing reaction to gain polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomers with different mechanical performances. First of all, the cross‐linking network of PDMS was adjusted by tuning the parameters of the fabrication process such as curing temperature, curing time, and component ratio. Lowering the temperature, shortening the curing time, and using less curing agent were discovered to effectively reduce the cross‐linking density. Then, the effects of important factors on cross‐linking density, including the fabrication process, the time for post‐curing, and the content of carbon nanotube (CNT), were thoroughly discussed. Furthermore, the dynamic mechanical performance, mechanical characteristics, and viscoelastic properties of PDMS and PDMS/CNT composites were studied based on the regulation of the cross‐linking network. The stronger the cross‐linking density, the higher the storage modulus, the greater the restriction on the molecular chain of silicone rubber. Besides, the post‐curing for 5 months and the introduction of CNT fillers appeared to be a viable option for promoting the cross‐linking reaction with higher density and thereby strengthening the mechanical properties of PDMS.

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\ln ((), 1 goodbreak- φ) goodbreak+ φ goodbreak+ χ φ^{2} goodbreak= goodbreak- D ∙ V_{1} φ^{\frac{1}{3}},

χ goodbreak= 0.459 goodbreak+ 0.134 φ goodbreak+ 0.59 φ^{2},

φ goodbreak= \frac{\frac{m_{0}}{ρ_{2}}}{m / ρ_{1} + m_{0} ((), \frac{true}{1} goodbreak- \frac{true}{1})},

where ρ 1 is the solvent density (toluene, 0.867 g/ml), ρ 2 is the polymer density, m 0 is the mass before swelling, and m is the mass after swelling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Until the quality of the sample on that day was the same as the quality of the previous day, the mass of the sample at this time was recorded as m, and the swelling equilibrium was reached. The cross-linking density could be calculated by using the following equation 44 :…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controllable construction of cross‐linking network for regulating on the mechanical properties of polydimethylsiloxane and polydimethylsiloxane/carbon nanotubes composites

Cai

Huang

Chen

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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show abstract

“…10 Benefited from the unique molecular structures, silicone rubber demonstrates superior properties such as high permeability, flexibility, chemical inertness, biocompatibility, and wide range of working temperatures. 11 Physiochemical properties and compositions of the material systems, such as crosslink density [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and concentration of the molecule [20][21][22][23] can affect the release of small molecules. External factors like mechanical strain may also affect the release and that is the focus of this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physiochemical properties and compositions of the material systems, such as crosslink density 12–19 and concentration of the molecule 20–23 can affect the release of small molecules. External factors like mechanical strain may also affect the release and that is the focus of this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of uniaxial tensile strain on the release of small molecules from silicone rubber

Du,

Mefford

2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Silicone rubber materials may be subject to mechanical strains which can affect the transport properties of small molecules loaded in the materials such as plasticizers and active molecules, hence deteriorating their intended mechanical properties or affecting their performance as carriers of active molecules. Therefore, it is important to understand the effects of mechanical strains on transport of small molecules in the silicone rubber matrix. In this work, silicone rubber sheets loaded with 2 wt% triacetin were stretched and held at four different lengths up to 125% engineering strain. The mass transfer coefficients and diffusion coefficients of triacetin in the strained silicone rubber were determined by monitoring the release of triacetin using headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. It was found that there was no significant change of diffusion coefficient as the applied strain increased, which might result from two microstructure changes that had conflicting effects on diffusion: chain orientation and free volume deformation.

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Recent Advances in PDMS Optical Waveguides: Properties, Fabrication, and Applications

Zimmermann,

Amouzou,

Ung

2024

Advanced Optical Materials

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Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) has emerged as a promising polymer for fabricating optical waveguides. Its optical transparency, stretchability, flexibility, biocompatibility, and facile processing are a complement to common optical materials that are more brittle and stiff such as fused silica, polystyrene (PS), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Although PDMS is not a new material, with its first synthesis dating back to the early twentieth century, recent decades have seen an increased effort to expand its use in optical waveguides beyond conventional rubber applications. This review compiles established concepts and new advancements in PDMS science to shed light on limitations and new opportunities to better harness PDMS’ potential for optical waveguiding. With the materials science tetrahedron in mind (structure, properties, processing, and performance), this review explores the state‐of‐the‐art in PDMS waveguide technology and exposes relevant basic concepts pertaining to its physicochemical properties. The goal is to equip the photonics community with knowledge to further expand PDMS waveguide technology. The review covers three main topics: PDMS’ key properties (chemical, optical, thermal, and mechanical, besides biological and environmental aspects); PDMS waveguide fabrication techniques (processing, refractive index tuning, and post‐processing); and its applications. The review concludes with a discussion of current challenges and future prospects.

show abstract

Dynamics of heterogeneous crosslinking in room temperature vulcanizing poly(dimethyl siloxane) and its dependence on moisture supply

Cited by 9 publications

References 50 publications

Controllable construction of cross‐linking network for regulating on the mechanical properties of polydimethylsiloxane and polydimethylsiloxane/carbon nanotubes composites

Controllable construction of cross‐linking network for regulating on the mechanical properties of polydimethylsiloxane and polydimethylsiloxane/carbon nanotubes composites

Effects of uniaxial tensile strain on the release of small molecules from silicone rubber

Recent Advances in PDMS Optical Waveguides: Properties, Fabrication, and Applications

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