Dynamics of indirect symptoms of skeletal muscle damage after stretch-shortening exercise

Skurvydas, Albertas; Sipavičienė, Saulė; Krutulytė, Gražina; Gailiūnienė, Alina; Stasiulis, Arvydas; Mamkus, Gediminas; Stanislovaitis, Aleksas

doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2005.11.002

Cited by 38 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…E xercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in humans frequently occurs after unaccustomed exercise, particularly if the exercise involves a large number of eccentric contractions. [1][2][3] The well-documented markers of EIMD include disruption of muscle intracellular structures, sarcolemma, and extracellular matrix 2 ; prolonged impairment of muscle function measured during both voluntary and electrically stimulated contractions 1,3 ; manifestation of low-frequency fatigue (LFF) 3,4 ; creatine kinase (CK) activity in the blood; an acute inflammatory reaction; and delayed-onset muscle soreness, stiffness, and swelling. 5,6 One of the indicators of muscle damage evident immediately after eccentric exercise is a shift in the direction of longer muscle lengths in the muscle lengthto-tension relationship.…”

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confidence: 99%

Leg Immersion in Warm Water, Stretch-Shortening Exercise, and Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage

Skurvydas

Kamandulis

Stanislovaitis

et al. 2008

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Whether muscle warming protects against exercise-induced muscle damage is unknown.Objective: To determine the effect of leg immersion in warm water before stretch-shortening exercise on the time course of indirect markers of exercise-induced muscle damage.Design: Crossover trial. Setting: Human kinetics laboratory.Patients or Other Participants: Eleven healthy, untrained men (age 5 21.5 6 1.7 years).Intervention(s): Participants' legs were immersed in a water bath at 44 6 16C for 45 minutes.Main Outcome Measure(s): Creatine kinase changes in the blood, muscle soreness, prolonged (within 72 hours) impairment in maximal voluntary contraction force and height of drop jump, and electrically evoked muscle force at low and high stimulation frequencies at short and long muscle lengths.Results: Leg immersion in warm water before stretchshortening exercise reduced most of the indirect markers of exercise-induced muscle damage, including creatine kinase activity in the blood, muscle soreness, maximal voluntary contraction force, and jump height. The values for maximal voluntary contraction force and jump height, however, were higher during prewarming than for the control condition at 48 hours after stretch-shortening exercise, but this difference was only minor at other time points. Muscle prewarming did not bring about any changes in the dynamics of low-frequency fatigue, registered at either short or long muscle length, within 72 hours of stretch-shortening exercise.Conclusions: Leg immersion in warm water before stretchshortening exercise reduced most of the indirect markers of exercise-induced muscle damage. However, the clinical application of muscle prewarming may be limited, because decreasing muscle damage did not necessarily lead to improved voluntary performance.Key Words: electric stimulation, muscle length, neuromuscular performance, time course Key Points N Muscle prewarming did not change maximal voluntary contraction force or jump height during stretch-shortening exercise, but it did increase the ratio of electrically induced muscle force at 100 Hz of long muscle length to short muscle length.N Muscle prewarming affected indirect markers of muscle damage, decreasing blood creatine kinase activity and muscle soreness and increasing maximal voluntary contraction force and jump height within 72 hours after stretch-shortening exercise.N Muscle prewarming did not change the dynamics of low-frequency fatigue in short or long muscle lengths within 72 hours of stretch-shortening exercise.

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Leg Immersion in Warm Water, Stretch-Shortening Exercise, and Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage

Skurvydas

Kamandulis

Stanislovaitis

et al. 2008

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…Equipment and procedures for electrical stimulation were essentially the same as has been described previously [20,21]. The following data were obtained: the force of the quadriceps muscle, aroused by electrical stimulation at 20 Hz (P20) and 100…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Muscle soreness was reported subjectively using a visual analogue scale of 0 to 10, where 0 represented "no pain" and 10 represented "intolerably intense pain". This evaluating method of muscle soreness has also been used in our previous researches [20,21].…”

Section: Counter-movement Jump (Cmj)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, most frequently, muscle function decreases due to skeletal muscle damage [4,6]. The well documented symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) include disruption of intracellular muscle structure, sarcolema and extracellular matrix [17], prolonged impairment of muscle function measured during both voluntary and electrically stimulated contractions [6,20], protein leakage from the injured muscle fibres, acute inflammation reaction and delayed-onset muscle soreness, stiffness and swelling [2,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Muscle force. The equipment and technique for measuring muscle force were the same as has been used in a previous studies [20,21]. Subjects sat upright in the experimental chair with a vertical back support.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of four jumping endurance trainings on metabolic fatigue and on indirect symptoms of skeletal muscle damage

Skurvydas¹,

Kamandulis²,

Stanislovaitis³

et al. 2010

Biol Sport

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The repeated bout effect of eccentric exercise is not associated with changes in voluntary activation

et al. 2009

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The aim of this study was to compare the possible changes in muscle activation level between a first and second bout of damaging eccentric exercise performed at 2 weeks interval (i.e. repeated bout effect). To that purpose, ten physically active males took part in this study. The eccentric exercise consisted of 10 sets of 12 maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) produced by the knee extensors during movements performed at a constant speed of 160 degrees s(-1). Changes in voluntary and electrically evoked torque in concentric and/or isometric conditions were assessed at the following time points: pre-exercise, and 2 min, 1 and 24 h after each eccentric exercise. At the same time points, voluntary activation was quantified by the superimposed electrical stimulation technique. Muscle soreness and plasma CK activity were measured within 48 h after the eccentric exercise. The results showed that the decrease in eccentric peak torque was linear throughout the exercise protocol. At the end of bouts 1 and 2, torque was significantly reduced by 27.7 +/- 9.1 and 23.4 +/- 11.2, respectively, with no difference between bouts (P > 0.05). At 24 h post-exercise, a lower reduction (P < 0.05) in MVC (17.8 +/- 5.4%) and electrically evoked (16.7 +/- 4.6%) isometric torque was observed for bout 2. In contrast, no statistical difference was found in the deficit in voluntary activation between the two bouts. In conclusion, our results indicate that the repeated bout effect of eccentric exercise appears to reduce muscle damage, but does not influence the level of voluntary activation.

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Dynamics of indirect symptoms of skeletal muscle damage after stretch-shortening exercise

Cited by 38 publications

References 38 publications

Leg Immersion in Warm Water, Stretch-Shortening Exercise, and Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage

Leg Immersion in Warm Water, Stretch-Shortening Exercise, and Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage

Effect of four jumping endurance trainings on metabolic fatigue and on indirect symptoms of skeletal muscle damage

The repeated bout effect of eccentric exercise is not associated with changes in voluntary activation

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