Dynamics of Macronutrient Uptake and Removal by Modern Peanut Cultivars

Crusciol, Carlos Alexandre Costa; Portugal, José Roberto; Bossolani, João William; Moretti, Luiz Gustavo; Fernandes, Adalton Mazetti; Garcia, Jader Luis Nantes; Garcia, Gleize Leviski de Brito; Pilon, Cristiane; Cantarella, Heitor

doi:10.3390/plants10102167

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…We recommend that the response of peanut plants to K application needs to be further studied, as the rates applied are lower than the exported amounts, likely due to peanut ability to take up non‐exchangeable K from the soil (Xu et al., 2021). For yields between 5000 and 9000 kg ha −1 , K absorptions that vary from 175 to 280 kg ha −1 and between 100 and 200 kg ha −1 are exported via pods (Crusciol et al., 2021). Recommended or common rate in peanut in Brazil is 25 kg ha −1 and the Georgia is 74 kg ha −1 for soils with low‐K content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recommended plant density is 16.7 plants m −2 in Brazil (Zoz et al., 2019) and 14.3 plants m −2 in the United States (Oakes et al., 2020; Sarver et al., 2016), with increased inter‐plant competition for water and nutrients with increased plant density (Hatfield & Dold, 2019; Li et al., 2019). Peanut plants uptake per 1000 kg of K pods is about 30 kg with a K harvest index of about 50% (Crusciol et al., 2021) with about 210 kg ha −1 of K uptake and 140 kg removed in the pod harvest for 7000 kg ha −1 pod yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adjusting peanut plant density and potassium fertilization for different production environments

et al. 2023

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Peanut pod yield and its response to fertilizer-K can be affected by the environment × plant density interaction. Research was conducted with the objective of determining peanut growth and yield response to planting density and fertilizer-K application under rainfed conditions in Brazil and irrigation in the United States.The effects of plant planting density and K fertilization were more frequent in rainfed areas, compared to irrigated environments. Peanut leaf area index (LAI) and dry matter accumulation (DM) increased with increasing plant density (mainly at 30 days after plant emergence-average increments of 70% and 80% for LAI and DM, respectively), whereas the stomatal conductance was decreased, mainly in rainfed fields. In low-K soil, the application of 50 kg ha −1 of K increased leaf K concentration (12% [Brazil], first-year area and 28% crop rotation area) and stomatal conductance in rainfed fields, resulting in greater yield (23% [1340 kg ha −1 ; Brazil], first-year area) at low plant density. In the irrigated fields, yield increased with plant densities up to 19 plants m −2 . For rainfed crops, plant density exceeding 11 plants m −2 resulted in lower yield in the area of adequate K content in the soil. Therefore, in rainfed fields, plant density must be low to assure peanuts response to K. In irrigated environments, high plant density is less detrimental to peanut yield, but no increase is observed with plant density greater than 19 plants m −2 . Additionally, there was no yield increase with the application of 50 kg ha −1 of K, in irrigated environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adjusting peanut plant density and potassium fertilization for different production environments

et al. 2023

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“…Estimation variation in nutrient requirement may be related to differences in planting regions, cultivars, soil conditions, yield level, and tillage [ 30 , 33 ]. Crucsiol et al [ 3 ] demonstrated that N absorption for older cultivars remains high, while newer cultivars were less demanding in N. Xie et al [ 25 ] found that the values of nutrient requirement simulated by modeling were lower than the average observed values, and they explained that the N, P, and K predicted by the model were the optimal nutrient requirements under the conditions of the balanced absorption of N, P, and K. However, high soil nutrient supply and excessive fertilization practices may have resulted in excess nutrient uptake [ 31 ]. A large number of studies have demonstrated that crop nutrient uptake positively correlates with yield level, but the yield increase decreases when the yield reaches a certain level [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) are essential nutrients for crops. Application of NPK fertilizer can improve crop yield [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduction in Nitrogen Rate and Improvement of Nitrogen Use Efficiency without Loss of Peanut Yield by Regional Mean Optimal Rate of Chemical Fertilizer Based on a Multi-Site Field Experiment in the North China Plain

Yang²,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Plants

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It is important to quantify nutrient requirements and optimize fertilization to improve peanut yield and fertilizer use efficiency. In this study, a multi-site field trial was conducted from 2020 to 2021 in the North China Plain to estimate nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) uptake and requirements of peanuts, and to evaluate the effects of fertilization recommendations from the regional mean optimal rate (RMOR) on dry matter, pod yield, nutrient uptake, and fertilizer use efficiency. Results show that compared with farmer practice fertilization (FP), optimal fertilization (OPT) based on the RMOR increased peanut dry matter by 6.6% and pod yield by 10.9%. The average uptake rates of N, P, and K were 214.3, 23.3, and 78.4 kg/ha, respectively, with 76.0% N harvest index, 59.8% P harvest index, and 41.4% K harvest index. The OPT treatment increased N, P, and K uptake by 19.3%, 7.3%, and 11.0% compared with FP, respectively. However, the average of yield, nutrition uptake, and harvest indexes of N, P, and K were not significantly affected by fertilization. The peanut required 42.0 kg N, 4.6 kg P, and 15.3 kg K to produce 1000 kg of pods. The OPT treatment significantly improved the N partial factor productivity and N uptake efficiency but decreased the K partial factor productivity and K uptake efficiency. The present study demonstrates that fertilizer recommendations from RMOR improve N use efficiency, and reduce N and P fertilizer application without yield loss in regions with smallholder farmers, and the corresponding estimation of nutrient requirements helps to make peanut fertilization recommendations.

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Peanut cultivar response to residual soil test potassium in North Mississippi

Zurweller,

Song,

Dygert

et al. 2024

Crop Forage & Turfgrass Mgmt

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The average U.S. peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) yield has increased by approximately 25% with the adoption of peanut cultivar ‘Georgia‐06G’. Since this adoption, many new high yielding runner cultivars with similar yield potential have been released. However, current nutrient recommendations are based on soil tests that were developed prior to the release of Georgia‐06G. Particularly for potassium, current soil test potassium (STK) critical values were established on soil textures with relatively low cation exchange capacity (CEC) but were not validated on soil textures with high CEC. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and yield response of five recently released peanut cultivars to four STK levels ranging from very low to medium based on Mississippi State University Extension soil testing recommendations. The STK classification levels were also based on two soil series categorized with high CEC—Leeper (∼38.4 meq 100 g−1) and Marietta (∼15.9 meq 100 g−1) soil series. Cultivars Georgia‐06G, ‘Georgia‐16HO’, ‘Georgia‐18RU’, FloRun ‘331’, and ‘AU‐NPL‐17’ were evaluated in this study. No STK × variety interaction occurred, indicating similar K requirements across all varieties evaluated. However, a positive pod yield response occurred in both soil types when the average STK increased from 128 to 167 lbs ac−1 for all cultivars and site years. Critical STK values on both soils were greater than many current Extension recommendations, and the critical STK value of Leeper is greater than the Marietta soil series, likely due to the higher CEC value. These results demonstrate the need to adjust peanut STK sufficiency levels based on soil CEC. Further evaluation of modern peanut cultivar productivity response to STK sufficiency levels is needed for soils with moderate CEC.

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Dynamics of Macronutrient Uptake and Removal by Modern Peanut Cultivars

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Adjusting peanut plant density and potassium fertilization for different production environments

Adjusting peanut plant density and potassium fertilization for different production environments

Reduction in Nitrogen Rate and Improvement of Nitrogen Use Efficiency without Loss of Peanut Yield by Regional Mean Optimal Rate of Chemical Fertilizer Based on a Multi-Site Field Experiment in the North China Plain

Peanut cultivar response to residual soil test potassium in North Mississippi

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