Dynamics of Mpox Infection in Nigeria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

The seasonal outbreaks of Mpox continues in most parts of West and Central Africa. In the past year Nigeria had the highest number of reported cases. Here, we used the PRISMA guidelines to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of available evidence on Mpox in Nigeria. All relevant observational studies in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, AJOL, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar on Mpox in Nigeria within the last five years were assessed. In all 92 relevant articles were retrieved, out of which 23 were included in the final qualitative analysis. Over the past five years, thirty-two out of 36 states in Nigeria, including the Federal Capital Territory have reported at least a case of Mpox. Most of the cases of Mpox in Nigeria were from the southern part of the country. Our findings showed progressive spread from southern to the northern regions of the country. Further, we identified a positive association between infection and poverty, lack of basic healthcare facilities as well as multiple heterosexual partners. Our findings reiterate the need to strengthen and expand on the already existing efforts as well as establish robust multi-sectoral collaboration to understand the dynamics of Mpox Nigeria.