Dynamics of nanoscale thin liquid films during coalescence and chemical reaction of droplets

<italic>In situ </italic>characterization of dynamic molecular behaviours at gas/liquid or liquid/liquid interfaces

“…动态表界面通常包含很少量分子 (分子动力学模拟中常定义为几埃到几纳米的分子厚 度 [7] ), 表征的信号强度也会较弱, 使得采集信号的信噪 比较低. 此外, 两相本体(包括杂质、特征分子浓度分布 等) [5,21] 以及界面所处的环境(如温度、压力等) [9,14,22] 以及成像辅助分 析法, 如悬滴法辅助紫外光分析法(pendant-drop method to UV-Vis) [24] 、直接 [25] 或借助多样发光技术(如光反 射 [26] 、隐逝波 [27] 、电致发光 [28] 和流射技术 [10] 等)的光 学显微成像和高速摄像机成像等工具, 提供了界面的 力学和形貌结构信息. 光谱分析法(单独或同步联合使 用)…”

“…图 1 (网络版彩色)近10年间气/液和液/液界面的动态行为表征技术进展. 宏观层面表征技术--观察分子聚集, 包括界面机械接触表征法(如 原子力显微镜 [23] )和成像辅助分析法(如悬滴法辅助紫外光分析法 [24] 、直接 [25] 或借助多样发光技术(光反射 [26] 、隐逝波 [27] 、电致发光 [28] 和流射 技术 [10] 等)的光学显微成像和高速摄像机成像等. 分子层面表征技术--观察单个分子, 包括光谱分析法(单独或同步联合使用)…”

“…新型表征技术: 场致液滴电离-质谱技术 [18] 和液体门控技术 [36] Figure 1 (Color online) The development of techniques for characterizing dynamic behaviours of gas/liquid or liquid/liquid interfaces in the past decade. Macroscopic characterization techniques to observe the molecular aggregation, including interface mechanical contact characterization methods (e.g., atomic force microscopy [23] ) and imaging analysis methods (e.g., pendant-drop method to UV-Vis [24] , optical microscopy imaging [25] or imaging with various luminescence techniques (such as light reflection [25] , evanescent wave [27] , electroluminescence [28] , and flow imaging [10] ) and high-speed camera imaging). Molecular level characterization techniques to observe individual molecules, including spectroscopic analysis (alone or in combination) [29−31] , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy [32] , electrochemical analysis [33,34] , and computational model assisted analysis (e.g., molecular dynamics simulation [3] ).…”