Dynamics of Obesity and Chronic Health Conditions Among Children and Youth

Cleave, Jeanne Van; Gortmaker, Steven L.; Perrin, James M.

doi:10.1001/jama.2010.104

Cited by 600 publications

(438 citation statements)

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“…17,18,30 Studies reporting incidence included one study among children under 2 years of age, 29 two among children between 2.0-4.9 years, 24,29 seven among children 5.0-12.9 years, 6,10,11,18,23,28,31 and two among adolescents 13.0-18.0 years. 6,21 Many studies spanned age groups, including infancy through the preschool ages, 22,29 preschool through school age, 17,25,26,27,30 and school age through adolescence. 6,10,[18][19][20]26,32 Many studies were based on secondary analysis of datasets, including the Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System (PedNSS; n = 3); National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY; n = 2), Cambridge Public School Health Surveillance System (n = 2); or others (n = 3).…”

Section: Literature Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 Another study included follow-up from 1980-1998, reporting annual incidence of 1.7% for children ages 4.5-10.5 years. 17 The most recent study used data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998/9, which followed a cohort of children born in 1993 from an average age of 5.6-14.1 years. 18 Obesity incidence was estimated at 11.9% over the entire age range and annualized obesity incidences were estimated at 5.4% at mean ages of 5.6-6.1 years, 2.7% at 6.1-7.1 years, 3.0% at 7.1-9.1 years, 3.1% at 9.1-11.1 years, and 1.7% at 11.1-14.1 years.…”

Section: Literature Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Childhood Obesity Incidence in the United States: A Systematic Review

et al. 2016

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Background: This systematic review synthesizes the literature on incidence of obesity during childhood. Methods: We searched PubMed, Excerpta Medica database (EMBASE), and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and used the Web of Science tool in June 2015. Studies were included if they were published in English, presented results from primary or secondary analyses, used data about children in the US, provided obesity incidence data on children 0 to 18 years born after 1970, and did not pertain to clinically defined populations (disease, medication use, etc.). Author(s), study year, study design, location, sample size, age, and obesity incidence estimates were abstracted.Results: Nineteen studies were included, three of which used nationally representative data. The median study-specific annual obesity incidences among studies using U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts were 4.0%, 3.2%, and 1.8% for preschool (2.0-4.9 years), school aged (5.0-12.9 years), and adolescence (13.0-18.0 years), respectively. This pattern of declining obesity incidence with age was consistent between and within studies.Conclusions: Studies of childhood obesity in the US indicate declining incidence with age. Childhood obesity prevention efforts should be targeted to ages before obesity onset. Longitudinal data and consistent obesity definitions that correlate with long-term morbidity are needed to better characterize the life history of obesity.

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Section: Literature Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Obesity Incidence in the United States: A Systematic Review

et al. 2016

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“…Childhood obesity is associated with elevated risk for chronic conditions such as cardiovascular risk, hypertension and diabetes (Short et al, 2009;Flynn, 2010;Hong, 2010), respiratory diseases (Fiorito et al, 2009) and musculoskeletal problems (Krul et al, 2009). These chronic health conditions increase with time and are higher among males (Van Cleave et al, 2010). In addition, obese children as adults are also prone to psychological problems such as low selfesteem and depression (Sanchez-Villegas et al, 2010), while academic achievements of obese preschool and first grade children are lower (Datar et al, 2004;Taras and Potts-Datema, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal weight misperceptions and smoking are associated with overweight and obesity in low SES preschoolers

et al. 2011

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Objectives: To identify modifiable risk factors for obesity among low socioeconomic status (LSES) children. Methods: Cross-sectional data were obtained from 238 4-7-year-old children and 224 mothers from LSES preschools. Anthropometric measurements were obtained; mothers were interviewed about sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, perceptions and beliefs. Results: The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity (OWOB) among children was 29.8% based on the new World Health Organization (WHO) growth standard. Prevalence of OWOB (body mass index X25) among mothers was 51.8%. Mean age, sleeping hours, gender distribution and poverty level were similar between normal and OWOB children. Over 82% of mothers underestimated their child's weight status. Of the 62 OWOB children, 74.2% were perceived by their mothers as having 'normal weight' (NW) and 8% were perceived as 'thin'. Mothers perceived 67 out of 158 NW children (42.4%) as 'thin' (Po0.001). Mediation analysis indicated that 10% of the effect of maternal underestimation on child's OWOB may be mediated through child's daily sedentary hours (P ¼ 0.06). In a multivariable logistic-regression analysis controlling for maternal obesity, knowledge regarding breakfast's importance and child's daily sedentary hours, maternal underestimation of the child's weight status (odds ratio ¼ 7.33; 95% confidence interval (CI):2.41-22.37; Po0.0001) and parental smoking (odds ratio ¼ 3.25; 95% CI: 1.26-8.40; P ¼ 0.015) were the only significant factors associated with OWOB in LSES children. Conclusions: Maternal perception of child's weight status and parental smoking are associated with childhood OWOB among LSES children. These parameters can help identify children at risk for obesity. Maternal perception may be amenable to intervention.

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“…[30] Fewer data are available on the worldwide scale. A study of major causes of death in children younger than 5 years [31] showed that diarrhoea and pneumonia each contributed 17% of deaths, followed by other infections (12%), severe neonatal infections (11%), prematurity (11%), birth asphyxia and trauma (8%), malaria (7%), measles (4%), injuries (4%), and nutritional deficiencies.…”

Section: /25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fewer infants than older patients in paediatric randomised controlled trials

et al. 2010

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Financial disclosure or conflict of interest for all authors: NoneWord count: 3428 2/25 ABSTRACT To determine whether the youngest age groups are less likely to be included in paediatric randomised controlled trials (PRCTs) than older children, we conducted a PubMed search using the keyword "randomised controlled trial" and the limit "all child: 0 -18 years". We retrieved 417 articles published in 2006 in 34 leading journals classified as general medical journals, paediatric medical journals, or specialist medical journals. We arbitrarily selected 144 articles, at random. For each study, we evaluated population age characteristics (central tendency, range, and dispersion), study design, sample size and topic. Of the 144 studies, only 82 were first reports of paediatric randomised controlled trials (PRCTs). Among the other studies, many were done in adults. Of the 82 PRCTs, only 11% included newborns and 26% infants; 59% included children and 39% adolescents. Using the same search strategy to retrieve PRCTs in the same journals in the last four months of 2009 retrieved 66 PRCTs, of which 17% included newborns, 24% infants, 61% children and 55% adolescents. The three health conditions most often reported were respiratory diseases, infectious diseases, and mental and behavioural disorders. In 34 leading journals, PRCTs were significantly less likely to include newborns and infants than older paediatric patients. Given the huge impact of PRCTs on paediatric health, additional efforts are needed to promote studies in newborns and infants, as well as studies of the impact of recent European and American regulations designed to encourage paediatric drug trials.

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Dynamics of Obesity and Chronic Health Conditions Among Children and Youth

Cited by 600 publications

References 51 publications

Childhood Obesity Incidence in the United States: A Systematic Review

Childhood Obesity Incidence in the United States: A Systematic Review

Maternal weight misperceptions and smoking are associated with overweight and obesity in low SES preschoolers

Fewer infants than older patients in paediatric randomised controlled trials

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