Dynamics of optical limiting in heavy-atom substituted phthalocyanines

Optical limiting properties of nonlinear multimode waveguides

“…1 were compared with the transmission calculated by numerical integration of a five-level sequentialabsorption rate equation model for SiNc. 13 The singlet and triplet excited-state cross sections are s s 37 3 10 218 cm 2 and s t 112 3 10 218 cm 2 , respectively.…”

Dye Doped Polymer-Filled Nanoporous Glass - a New Class of Materials for Laser Optics

“…It is supposed that the nonlinear absorption in these compounds is due to radiation-induced triplet-triplet absorption [46][47][48][49]. An energy level diagram shown in Fig.…”

“…Compounds of Phthalocyanine and Porphyrin families containing "heavy" atoms have been chosen for these studies since they showed the most suitable nonlinear properties in liquid solutions [46][47][48][49]. In particular, Zinc Porphyrin (PrZn), Zinc Phthalocyanine (PcZn) and Lead Phthalocyanine (PcPb) dyes have been chosen.…”

Higher-order triplet interaction in energy-level modeling of excited-state absorption for an expanded porphyrin cadmium complex

“…Each of these electronic energy levels has a manifold of vibrational and rotational sublevels associated with it; however, for metal-organic reverse saturable absorbing molecules these vibrational and rotational sublevels can be ignored owing to the neglect of coherence effects (dephasing) and the assumption of ultrafast relaxation of vibronic sublevels. 10,29,30 To investigate quantitatively the resonant and nonresonant interaction between the nonlinear medium and the incident laser light, we track the time variation of the population density for the seven-state energy-level model through use of a rate equation:…”