Dynamics of soil microbial biomass C, soluble organic C and CO<sub>2</sub> evolution after three years of manure application

Rochette, Philippe; Gregorich, E.G.

doi:10.4141/s97-066

Cited by 178 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Certainly, changes in C input can result in a concomitant change in SMB as shown by spatial variation in SMB (using CFI) relative to row position and soil depth, under maize (Zea mays L.) (Carter and White 1986). Similar results, with regard to temporal variation, have also been found by McGill et al (1986) and Rochette and Gregorich (1998). One advantage of such temporal variation is that it allows a relative estimate of SMB turnover by dividing the summed measured losses in SMB by the average SMB.…”

Section: Soil Sampling Handling and Storagesupporting

confidence: 58%

“…One advantage of such temporal variation is that it allows a relative estimate of SMB turnover by dividing the summed measured losses in SMB by the average SMB. Some of the above variation may also be associated with seasonal variations in soil water content (McGill et al 1986;Rochette and Gregorich 1998). Wet and compacted soil conditions may also be a source of variation and thus confound interpretation of these measurements, as they can impede the efficiency of the CHCl 3 fumigation treatment.…”

Section: Soil Sampling Handling and Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Interpretation of microbial biomass measurements for soil quality assessment in humid temperate regions

Carter¹,

Gregorich²,

Angers³

et al. 1999

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Interpretation of microbial biomass measurements for soil quality assessment in humid temperate regions. Can. J. Soil Sci. 79: 507-520. Soil microbial biomass (SMB) measurements are often used in soil biological analysis; however, their interpretation can be problematic. In this review, both the limitations and benefits of indirect (both CHCl 3 fumigation incubation and fumigation extraction, and substrate-induced respiration) SMB measurements are outlined, along with their value and interpretation as attributes or indicators to assess some soil quality (SQ) functions (e.g., enhance plant growth, maintain aggregation, regulate energy) for mainly humid, temperate soils, with specific emphasis on research conducted in eastern Canada and New Zealand. Indirect SMB methods are subject to limitations analogous to "soil test" procedures (e.g., soil sampling and handling, water content, storage prior to treatment), and also the difficulties with establishing an acceptable "control" and fraction (i.e., k value) of SMB mineralized or extracted. In many cases, such limitations present a need for some degree of standardization (e.g., pre-conditions of 7-to 10-d incubation at 25°C and -0.001MPa water potential) prior to SMB measurement. However, for SQ assessment, where "comparative" rather than "absolute" values of SMB are often of interest, use of commonly derived k values seem appropriate for surface soils.Soil ecological factors govern SMB and often underlie much of the spatial and temporal variation in SMB. Plant species composition, mainly through net primary productivity and litter quality, can affect SMB measurements along with trophic cascades in soil, where interactions among soil organisms can influence microbial activity. Benefits of SMB measurements relate mainly to the assessment of both soil C turnover and management induced changes in organic matter. The combination of SMB and δ 13 C to elucidate the transformations and fate of organic C in cropping and soil management systems has also shown that both temporal and spatial redistribution of C inputs, and soil type (i.e., particle size distribution) are dominant factors in turnover and nutrient flow through the SMB.For SQ assessment, SMB is not a useful indicator for the function of soil as a "medium for plant growth" in regard to plant productivity for intensively farmed temperate soils. For the function of soil to "maintain aggregation", where SMB is one agent only of a multi-faceted process, the relationship between SMB and soil aggregation is not always present and tends to be site-specific. In regard to the "regulate energy" soil function, SMB is related to some degree with decomposition and mineralization processes. The main role of SMB for SQ assessment is to serve within a minimum data set of other indicators (e.g., macroorganic C) to monitor soil organic C storage and change.Key words: Soil microbial biomass, humid climate, soil quality Carter, M. R., Gregorich, E. G., Angers, D. A., Beare, M. H., Sparling, G. P., Wardle, D. A. et Voroney, R. P. 1999. ...

show abstract

Section: Soil Sampling Handling and Storagesupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Soil Sampling Handling and Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of microbial biomass measurements for soil quality assessment in humid temperate regions

Carter¹,

Gregorich²,

Angers³

et al. 1999

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Total CO2, N2, and N20 emissions for the incubation periods were used to derive average daily gas flux rates for each core. Heterotrophic CO2 respiration is used as a model input because it is correlated with labile C availability [Pascual et al, 1998;Rochette and Gregorich, 1998;Parkin, 1987]. However, respiration can also be limited by soil water content [Skop et al, 1990;Linn and Doran, 1984].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

General model for N₂O and N₂ gas emissions from soils due to dentrification

Grosso¹,

Parton²,

Mosier³

et al. 2000

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

376

230

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Observations of N gas loss from incubations of intact and disturbed soil coreswere used to model N20 and N2 emissions from soil as a result of denitrification. The model assumes that denitrification rates are controlled by the availability in soil of NO3 (e' acceptor), labile C compounds (e' donor), and 02 (competing e' acceptor). Heterotrophic soil respiration is used as a proxy for labile C availability while 02 availability is a function of soil physical properties that influence gas diffusivity, soil WFPS, and 02 demand. The potential for 02 demand, as indicated by respiration rates, to contribute to soil anoxia varies inversely with a soil gas diffusivity coefficient which is regulated by soil porosity and pore size distribution. Model inputs include soil heterotrophic respiration rate, texture, NO3 concentration, and WFPS. The model selects the minimum of the NO3 and CO2 functions to establish a maximum potential denitrification rate for particular levels of e' acceptor and C substrate and accounts for limitation of 02 availability to estimate daily N2+N20 flux rates.The ratio of soil NO3 concentration to CO2 emission was found to reliably (r2=0.5) model the ratio of N2 to N20 gases emitted from the intact cores after accounting for differences in gas diffusivity among the soils. The output of the ratio function is combined with the estimate of total N gas flux rate to infer N20 emission. The model performed well when comparing observed and simulated values of N20 flux rates with the data used for model building (r2=0.50) and when comparing observed and simulated N20+N2 gas emission rates from irrigated field soils used for model testing (r2=0.47).

show abstract

“…It is estimated that about 3.8 Â 10 9 Mg yr À1 of total crop residues are produced in global agricultural ecosystems (Thangarajan et al, 2013), and large quantities of crop residues are retained in soils every year (Rochette and Gregorich, 1998). The litter-derived soluble organic carbon accounts for 5-15% of the total C content, which corresponds to 5-25% of the litter biomass (Cleveland et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of plant-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) on soil CO2 and N2O emissions and soil carbon and nitrogen sequestrations

Qiu

Ouyang

et al. 2015

Applied Soil Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A B S T R A C TDissolved organic matter (DOM) in soils play an essential role in soil physical, chemical and biological processes, but little information is available on the biodegradability of plant-derived DOM and its effect on soil carbon and nitrogen sequestration in field soils. The objectives of this study were to investigate the impacts of crop residue-derived DOM on soil CO 2 and N 2 O emissions, as well as soil carbon and nitrogen sequestration by adding water extracts of maize stalk (i.e., plant-derived DOM) to soils. In this study, wheat was grown in pots under field conditions with treated soils, the soils treatments were: plantderived DOM (PDOM), urea nitrogen (N), PDOM + urea nitrogen (PDOM + N), as well as a control with no additions to soil (CK). Adding plant-derived DOM to soil increased soil CO 2 and N 2 O emissions (P < 0.05). During the wheat growing season, the cumulative CO 2 -C emission from CK, PDOM, N and PDOM + N was 107 AE 1, 157 AE 7, 136 AE 2 and 149 AE 6 g C m À2 , respectively. Meanwhile, the cumulative N 2 O-N emission from CK, PDOM, N and PDOM + N was 188 AE 8, 256 AE 5, 239 AE 10 and 258 AE 7 mg N m À2 , respectively. Compared with N treatment, DOM addition had little effect on soil N sequestration, but it accelerated the decomposition of native soil organic carbon (SOC) and caused a net loss of SOC. The soil C sequestration decreased about 151 AE 67 and 51 AE 45 g C m À2 in PDOM and PDOM + N treatments, respectively. The increased microbial biomass and root biomass were responsible for the greater CO 2 emission in DOMamended soils. Negative correlation between dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content and N 2 O flux suggested that the release of N 2 O was dependent on the supply of DOC. These results indicated that the supply of plant-derived DOM exacerbated soil CO 2 and N 2 O emissions and reduced soil C sequestration. Therefore, agricultural management practices that increase the stability of highly soluble C inputs and/or retard the decomposition of crop residues should be adopted to decrease soil greenhouse gas emission and increase soil C sequestration.2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

show abstract

Dynamics of soil microbial biomass C, soluble organic C and CO₂ evolution after three years of manure application

Cited by 178 publications

References 27 publications

Interpretation of microbial biomass measurements for soil quality assessment in humid temperate regions

Interpretation of microbial biomass measurements for soil quality assessment in humid temperate regions

General model for N₂O and N₂ gas emissions from soils due to dentrification

Effects of plant-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) on soil CO2 and N2O emissions and soil carbon and nitrogen sequestrations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Dynamics of soil microbial biomass C, soluble organic C and CO2 evolution after three years of manure application

Cited by 178 publications

References 27 publications

Interpretation of microbial biomass measurements for soil quality assessment in humid temperate regions

Interpretation of microbial biomass measurements for soil quality assessment in humid temperate regions

General model for N2O and N2 gas emissions from soils due to dentrification

Effects of plant-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) on soil CO2 and N2O emissions and soil carbon and nitrogen sequestrations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Dynamics of soil microbial biomass C, soluble organic C and CO₂ evolution after three years of manure application

General model for N₂O and N₂ gas emissions from soils due to dentrification