Dynamics of strategic three-choice voting

Volovik, D.; Mobilia, Mauro; Redner, S.

doi:10.1209/0295-5075/85/48003

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Strategic voting introduced in the three-state voter model [30] can reproduce patterns seen in real voting data, where two parties have similar votes and compete for the majority while the third party remains a minority over years. Stochastic effects can, however, interchange one majority party with the minority one, on a time scale growing exponentially with the size of the population, which has also been observed in real elections.…”

Section: Discrete Opinions the Voter Modelmentioning

confidence: 90%

Opinion Dynamics: Models, Extensions and External Effects

Sîrbu

Loreto

Servedio

et al. 2016

Understanding Complex Systems

145

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Recently, social phenomena have received a lot of attention not only from social scientists, but also from physicists, mathematicians and computer scientists, in the emerging interdisciplinary field of complex system science. Opinion dynamics is one of the processes studied, since opinions are the drivers of human behaviour, and play a crucial role in many global challenges that our complex world and societies are facing: global financial crises, global pandemics, growth of cities, urbanisation and migration patterns, and last but not least important, climate change and environmental sustainability and protection. Opinion formation is a complex process affected by the interplay of different elements, including the individual predisposition, the influence of positive and negative peer interaction (social networks playing a crucial role in this respect), the information each individual is exposed to, and many others. Several models inspired from those in use in physics have been developed to encompass many of these elements, and to allow for the identification of the mechanisms involved in the opinion formation process and the understanding of their role, with the practical aim of simulating opinion formation and spreading under various conditions. These modelling schemes range from binary simple models such as the voter model, to multi-dimensional continuous approaches. Here, we provide a review of recent methods, focusing on models employing both peer interaction and external information, and emphasising the role that less studied mechanisms, such as disagreement, has in driving the opinion dynamics. Due to the important role that external information (mainly in the form of mass media broadcast) can have in enhancing awareness of social issues, a special emphasis will be devoted to study different forms it can take, investigating their effectiveness in driving the opinion formation at the population level. The review shows that, although a large number of approaches exist, some mechanisms such as the effect of multiple external information sources could largely benefit from further studies. Additionally, model validation with real data, which are starting to become available, is still largely lacking and should in our opinion be the main ambition of future investigations

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Section: Discrete Opinions the Voter Modelmentioning

confidence: 90%

Opinion Dynamics: Models, Extensions and External Effects

Sîrbu

Loreto

Servedio

et al. 2016

Understanding Complex Systems

145

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The steady-state behavior of the voter model on arbitrary graphs is characterized in [37] through a mean-field approximation. In [38,39] the generalization to three states is considered. The q-voter model is introduced in [40], where each node adopts the state of q randomly selected neighbors, given that they are unanimous.…”

Section: A Socio-physics: the Ising And Voter Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of influence on hierarchical structures

Fotouhi

Rabbat²

2013

Phys. Rev. E

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Dichotomous spin dynamics on a pyramidal hierarchical structure (the Bethe lattice) are studied. The system embodies a number of classes, where a class comprises nodes that are equidistant from the root (head node). Weighted links exist between nodes from the same and different classes. The spin (hereafter state) of the head node is fixed. We solve for the dynamics of the system for different boundary conditions. We find necessary conditions so that the classes eventually repudiate or acquiesce in the state imposed by the head node. The results indicate that to reach unanimity across the hierarchy, it suffices that the bottommost class adopts the same state as the head node. Then the rest of the hierarchy will inevitably comply. This also sheds light on the importance of mass media as a means of synchronization between the topmost and bottommost classes. Surprisingly, in the case of discord between the head node and the bottommost classes, the average state over all nodes inclines towards that of the bottommost class regardless of the link weights and intraclass configurations. Hence the role of the bottommost class is signified.

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“…One study choses to select the opinion at a tie either randomly or picking it up from the nearest group [37]. Others works consider the voter model [38,39]. The competition between persuasiveness and inflexibility was also analyzed [40].…”

Section: From Two To Three-party Competitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Drastic Outcomes from Voting Alliances in Three-Party Democratic Voting (1990 → 2013)

Galam

2012

J Stat Phys

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The drastic effect of local alliances in three-party competition is investigated in democratic hierarchical bottom-up voting. The results are obtained analytically using a model which extends a sociophysics frame introduced in 1986 [1] and 1990 [2] to study two-party systems and the spontaneous formation of democratic dictatorship. It is worth stressing that the 1990 paper was published in the Journal of Statistical Physics, the first paper of its kind in the journal. It was shown how a minority in power can preserve its leadership using bottom-up democratic elections. However such a bias holds only down to some critical value of minimum support. The results were used latter to explain the sudden collapse of European communist parties in the nineties. The extension to three-party competition reveals the mechanisms by which a very small minority party can get a substantial representation at higher levels of the hierarchy when the other two competing parties are big. Additional surprising results are obtained, which enlighten the complexity of three-party democratic bottom-up voting. In particular, the unexpected outcomes of local voting alliances are singled out. Unbalanced democratic situations are exhibited with strong asymmetries between the actual bottom support of a party and its associated share of power at the top leadership. Subtle strategies are identified for a party to maximize its hold on the top leadership. The results are also valid to describe opinion dynamics with three competing opinions.

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Dynamics of strategic three-choice voting

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

Opinion Dynamics: Models, Extensions and External Effects

Opinion Dynamics: Models, Extensions and External Effects

Dynamics of influence on hierarchical structures

The Drastic Outcomes from Voting Alliances in Three-Party Democratic Voting (1990 → 2013)

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