Dynamics of subclinical pneumonia in male dairy calves in relation to antimicrobial therapy and production outcomes

Jourquin, Stan; Lowie, Thomas; Debruyne, Florian; Chantillon, Laurens; Vereecke, Nick; Boyen, Filip; Boone, Randy; Bokma, Jade; Pardon, Bart

doi:10.3168/jds.2022-22212

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Similarly, in a European study assessing 956 calves, approximately 20% showed clinical signs of BRDC, while 42.8% had lung lesions (8). A further study assessing the association between weight at slaughter and earlier lung lesions (calves with uncured or chronic pneumonia) showed a lower ADG (992 ± 174 and 930 ± 146 g/day, respectively) compared with calves that never developed pneumonia (ADG = 1,103 ± 156 g/day) (9).…”

Section: Systemic Vaccination Barriersmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Intranasal vaccination combined with older arrival age (17 days or older) resulted in a higher daily gain (47.8 g/day) compared with non-vaccinated calves (p = 0.003) (16). It is worth highlighting that some of these productivity benefits of vaccination may be due to the impact on subclinical disease, as described earlier (7,9).…”

Section: General Identified Opportunities To Overcome Vaccination Bar...mentioning

confidence: 85%

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Identifying and addressing barriers and opportunities for bovine respiratory disease complex vaccination: a consensus paper on practical recommendations for best practise vaccination

Yarnall,

Amovilli,

Assié

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Many questions are raised, and challenges faced in the new era of (intranasal) bovine respiratory disease complex vaccination. An increase in vaccination rate is expected, due to its positive impact on cattle health, reduction of antimicrobial use and economic factors. However, engagement of farmers and veterinarians with regard to vaccination is often affected by limitations, resulting in the development of barriers to vaccination, but also opportunities to overcome these. The objective of the report is to provide practical recommendations and a consensus on best practises for BRDC vaccination, addressing barriers faced by veterinarians and farmers. The report combines an evidence review with expert opinions and includes discussions on different vaccination approaches, such as intranasal and systemic protocols. As result of the discussions, several barriers to BRDC vaccination were identified, including a lack of knowledge or visibility of the disease’s impact, the preference for blanket antibiotic use over vaccination, resistance to change, the need for visible success, uncertainty about the best time to vaccinate, and concerns about adverse reactions and vaccine efficacy in the presence of maternal antibodies. While these barriers seem substantial, they provide opportunities for the veterinary sector. Indeed, veterinarians are encouraged to use the argumentation presented, along with local case studies and diagnostic testing to highlight the impact of disease, while conducting calf health audits, ensuring expectations are managed to achieve visible success. Overall, this consensus paper aims to provide practical recommendations and support for veterinarians and farmers to overcome barriers and increase BRDC vaccination rates in cattle.

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Section: Systemic Vaccination Barriersmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: General Identified Opportunities To Overcome Vaccination Bar...mentioning

confidence: 85%

Identifying and addressing barriers and opportunities for bovine respiratory disease complex vaccination: a consensus paper on practical recommendations for best practise vaccination

Yarnall,

Amovilli,

Assié

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Ultrasonography is not commonly used in adult cow respiratory diseases, but this technique has proven efficacious and accurate to diagnose clinical and subclinical pneumonia in dairy calves [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thoracic Tumor Associated with a Unilateral Empyema in a Beef Cow: A Case Report

Robcis,

De Campos,

Garapin

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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Tumors in cows are not frequently reported in the literature. They often represent unusual findings in live animals and are incidental at slaughter with rare positive therapeutic outcomes for farmers. A 9-year-old beef cow was referred to the hospital of ruminants of the National Veterinary School of Toulouse, France. The cow started to become sick 10 days prior, and major symptoms were anorexia, arched back, tachycardia, and tachypnea associated with significantly attenuated cardiac and pulmonary sounds upon right-sided auscultation. After specific investigations, a thoracic sarcoma associated with unilateral empyema was diagnosed. The empyema was treated, and supportive treatment was only performed for the tumor. Although the sarcoma remained, clinical improvement was significant, and the cow went back to her farm of origin. After the end of the withdrawal period, the cow recovered clinically but was culled by the owners for economic reasons. The present case report offers a continuum from the initial clinical signs motivating specific investigations to interesting laboratory findings, which were confirmed post-mortem.

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“…All animals that presented pulmonary consolidation on ultrasound examination did not present clinical signs of BRD, i.e., ultrasound was able to detect the subclinical form of respiratory diseases. The correct ultrasound diagnosis has high relevance in the veterinary practice of dairy cattle, contributing to the establishment of appropriate treatment strategies and rational use of antibiotics (Adams & Buczinski, 2016;Jourquin et al, 2022), in addition to providing health and well-being to animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of pulmonary ultrasound aspects of dairy calves born from a normal or dystocic parturition

Neto

Carvalho²,

Martins³

et al. 2022

RSD

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Ultrasound has relatively low use in the veterinary practice of cattle, especially in the diagnosis of respiratory diseases. There is little information on imaging patterns and occurrence of these diseases in calves from dystocic parturition, especially in the ability to diagnose the subclinical respiratory diseases. The correct clinical diagnosis aims to support efficient growth and expression of genetic potential for the replacer calves. Eighteen Holstein calves, five of which did not require assistance during birth and thirteen calves from dystocic parturition had the respiratory system evaluated by ultrasound. The objective was to describe and compare the pulmonary ultrasound aspects of calves from dystocic parturitions, compared to calves born without any aid. The degree of dystocia was classified on a scale from 1 to 5 points and the categorization of ultrasound images considered the presence or absence of pulmonary lesions. The ultrasound examination was able to diagnose animals affected with BRD in a subclinical manifestation, considering that none of the animals that presented pulmonary consolidation showed clinical signs of respiratory diseases. All cows with dystocia were classified as grade 2 dystocic parturition. There was no correlation between normal delivery (grade 1) and mild dystocia (grade 2) and occurrence of pulmonary consolidation.

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Dynamics of subclinical pneumonia in male dairy calves in relation to antimicrobial therapy and production outcomes

Cited by 12 publications

References 46 publications

Identifying and addressing barriers and opportunities for bovine respiratory disease complex vaccination: a consensus paper on practical recommendations for best practise vaccination

Identifying and addressing barriers and opportunities for bovine respiratory disease complex vaccination: a consensus paper on practical recommendations for best practise vaccination

Thoracic Tumor Associated with a Unilateral Empyema in a Beef Cow: A Case Report

Comparison of pulmonary ultrasound aspects of dairy calves born from a normal or dystocic parturition

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