Dynamics of vapour bubbles induced during the boiling of superfluid helium under microgravity conditions

Rayleigh Problem in Superfluid Helium

“…There is a bit different way, related to using the variables v and the relative velocity w = v n − v s [21,25,27]. In these variables, momentum flux density tensor Π ik (5) transforms to…”

“…The discussed approach was used in [5], where the authors applied relation (14) to express v n via the heat flux Q released by the heater. Since, however, the total mass flow j is not equal to zero, part of the total energy released by the heater is converted into mechanical energy, associated with the motion of the helium as a whole.…”

“…Substituting v n from ( 16) in expression (5) for the momentum flux density tensor Π rr and using the enthalpy h = μρ + ST , we have…”

“…The fact is that, unlike the ordinary viscosity case, the coefficient at dR/dt can change its sign. Sign changes are associated with the structure of momentum flux tensor (5), which has the cross-member Π rr (r) = − ρρn ρs vv n . This term describes the momentum flux tensor part relating to the flow of the normal component v n .…”

“…This theme has been widely discussed recently [1]. Knowledge of patterns of formation and development of vapor films on the surface of heaters is important for solving the corresponding problems [2][3][4][5]. Another series of examples are problems associated with the evolution of bubbles created by electrons [6][7][8].…”