Dynamics of wave–current–surge interactions in Lake Michigan: A model comparison

Abstract

Wave, storm surge dynamics, and wave-current-surge interactions (WCSI) were investigatedby applyinga pair ofunstructured-grid-based modelsto Lake Michiganunder two strong wind events. The effects of wind field sources, wind drag coefficient bulk formula, and parameterizations of the bottom friction term were explored to understand lake dynamics.Two wave models were calibrated by using alternativewave physicssettings under the 2011 northeasterly wind event.Forced by the southwesterly wind event in 2013, the calibrated models using the atmosphere-ocean fully coupled Climate Forecast System Version 2 wind field were further validated. It is found that the northwesterly winds induced 0.57 m setup near the southwestern coast, whereas the southwesterly winds produced 0.28 m setup and-0.43 m setdown near the northern and southwestern coasts, respectively. The WCSImostly influencewaves and storm surgein shallow-waterareasnear coasts andislands throughdepth-induced breaking, currentinduced frequency shift and refraction, and wave-induced setup/setdown through wave radiation stress. Owingto the adoption of different discretization algorithms and bottom friction formulations,the modeled storm surge and waves exhibit some variationbetween the paired models. Even though the storm surge difference with and without WCSI is smaller than that between the two WCSI-coupled models, both circulation models adopt WCSI considering their consistent improvement on model accuracy under both wind events. The analysis of water transport indicatesthat wind speed, direction, and coastal geometry and bathymetry are also important factors instorm surge.

The role of wave‐current interaction in Lake Erie's seasonal and episodic dynamics

“…Beyond their importance in the air‐lake momentum transfer, surface gravity waves influence currents by contributing excessive fluxes of momentum (the radiation stress) [ Longuet‐Higgins and Stewart , ]. Previous works demonstrated that the radiation stress escalated surge elevations and broadened inundation areas [e.g., Huang et al ., ; Bertin et al ., ], and its impacts are also dependent on wind direction in certain regions [e.g., Mao and Xia , ]. In addition, previous observations and model simulations have recognized the significances of the radiation stress in shallow water dynamics [e.g., Sheng and Liu , ; Orescanin et al ., ; Wargula et al ., ].…”

The Downscaling Study for Typhoon-Induced Coastal Inundation

“…The increase of sea temperature due to climate change may cause the sea level to rise and an increase of typhoon intensity, leading to extreme damages from flood disaster in coastal areas, including river mouth and river reaches [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Coastal flooding can be driven by water level rise due to a combination of tide, surge, and wave, and it can be maximized by the breaking and run-up of strong waves during high sea level by high tide and storm-induced surge [11,12].…”

Modeling Tidal Datums and Spatially Varying Uncertainty in the Texas and Western Louisiana Coastal Waters

“…As mentioned in Section 1, ADCIRC is an advanced hydrodynamic model and has been widely used in the ocean, coastal, and estuarine modeling community. ADCIRC applications cover a wide range of topics, such as wave-current-surge interactions [15], storm surges [16,17], and surge and tide predictions [18,19]. In this work, we use the two-dimensional depth-integrated barotropic version of the ADCIRC hydrodynamic model (version 51.52.34, released in January 2016) [8] to simulate the time series of tidal elevation at each model grid point.…”