Dysbiosis of gut microbiota in Polish patients with ulcerative colitis: a pilot study

Abstract

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder, whose etiology is not fully understood and for which no effective treatment is available. Recently, research has focused on the dysbiosis of gut microbiome in UC. However, the results so far remain inconsistent and insufficient to understand the microbial component in UC pathogenesis. In this study, we determine specific changes in the gut microbial profile in Polish UC patients compared to healthy subjects for the first time. Using 16S rRNA gene-based analysis we have described the intestinal microbial community in a group of 20 individuals (10 UC patients and 10 controls). Our results after multiple hypothesis testing correction demonstrated substantially lower gut microbiome diversity in UC cases compared to the controls and considerable differences at the phylum level, as well as among 13 bacterial families and 20 bacterial genera (p < 0.05). UC samples were more abundant in Proteobacteria (8.42%), Actinobacteria (6.89%) and Candidate Division TM7 (2.88%) than those of healthy volunteers (2.57%, 2.29% and 0.012%, respectively). On the other hand, Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia were presented at a lower level in UC relative to the controls (14% and 0% vs 27.97% and 4.47%, respectively). In conclusion, our results show a reduced gut microbial diversity in Polish UC patients, a reduction of taxa with an anti-inflammatory impact and an increased abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria.

High association of COVID-19 severity with poor gut health score in Lebanese patients

“…Furthermore, the chronic use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), anti-diabetes, anti-obesity non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, and anti- depression drugs has direct effects on gut microbiota composition and consequently on gut health [ 67 ]. Similar observations were reported in the literature among individuals suffering from gut diseases such as IBS, ulcer, chronic constipation, among others [ 68 – 70 ].…”

Selection strategy of dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute or chronic colitis mouse models based on gut microbial profile

“…Acute colitis raised the proportion of the Proteobacteria phylum and lowered that of the Verrucomicrobia phylum, whereas chronic colitis had the opposite effect. Proteobacteria is enriched in UC patients, which correlates with the significant reduction in intestinal SCFAs content (especially in the active phase) [ 25 , 26 ]. In addition, the Verrucomicrobia phylum includes important SCFAs-producing bacteria such as Ruminococcus and Akkermansia .…”

Molecular and Pathophysiological Links between Metabolic Disorders and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

“…↓Bacteroidetes [196] (order) ↑Clostridiales [197], ↓Bacteroidales, Clostridiales *, Erysipelotrichales [198] (family) ↑Enterobacteriaceae * [182], ↑Fusobacteriaceae, Pasteurellacaea, Veillonellaceae * [198], ↑Ruminococcaceae [197] (genus) ↑Escherichia * [185,192], ↑Enterococcus, Klebsiella, Veillonella [192], ↑Shigella * [185], ↑Faecalibacterium, Fusobacterium [197], ↓ Akkermansia, Alistipes, Coprococcus, Dorea, Eubacterium, Odoribacter, Parabacteroides, Prevotella, Roseburia *, Ruminococcus [192] (species) ↓Bifidobacterium longum [185], ↓Faecalibacterium prausnitzii *, Roseburia hominis * [189] In UC (phylum) ↑Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria * [199], ↓Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia [199] (order) ↓butyrate-producers of Clostridiales * [200] (family) ↑Enterobacteriaceae * [198], ↑Staphylococcaceae, Streptococcaceae, Veillonellaceae [199], ↓Akkermansiaceae, Bacteroidaceae [199] (genus) ↑Bacillus, Escherichia *, Shigella *, Peptostreptococcus, Veillonella [199], ↓Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium *, Faecalibacterium * [199] (species) ↓Faecalibacterium prausnitzii *, Roseburia hominis * [194] * Possible links between metabolic disorders and IBD. Development of T2D also has been linked to altered microbiome composition,; for example, a metagenome-wide association study analysis suggested an altered composition of the gut microbiota that was characterized by a decreased abundance of certain butyrateproducing bacteria including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia intestinalis, and Roseburia inulinivorans, and an increased various opportunistic pathogens including Clostridium species, in patients with T2D [163], which was similar to another reported gut microbiome signature observed in the fecal metagenome of European T2D women [164].…”

“…Data from earlier studies have shown that IBD represents a dysregulated mucosal immune response to the commensal microbiota and a reduced biodiversity of gut bacterial community [182,183,198]. Together with the loss of diversity, gut dysbiosis characterized by decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes [182,184,196,199], Firmicutes [182,184], Verrucomicrobia [199] at phylum level, Clostridia [182] at class level, Erysipelotrichales, Bacteroidales, and Clostridiales [198] at order level, Ruminococcaceae [182,185,186], Akkermansiaceae and Bacteroidaceae [199] at family level, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium [182], Prevotella, Eubacterium, Odoribacter, Akkermansia, Roseburia, Parabacteroides, Alistipes, Coprococcus, Dorea, Ruminococcus [192], Akkermansia, Faecalibacterium and Bifidobacterium [199] at genus level, and increased abundance of Proteobacteria [195,199] and Actinobacteria [199] at phylum level, Gammaproteobacteria [182] at class level, Clostridiales [197] at order level, Enterobacteriaceae, Veillonellaceae [198,199], Pasteurellacaea, Fusobacteriaceae [198], Ruminococcaceae [197], Staphylococcaceae, and Streptococcaceae [199] at family level, Escherichia [185,192,199], Klebsiella, Enterococcus, Veillonella [192], Faecalibacterium, Fusobacterium [197], Shigella, Peptostreptococcus, Bacillus, and Veillonella [199] at genus level were also found to be associated with IBD pathogenesis, as shown in a summary of selected studies in Tabl...…”