Dysfunctional temporal stages of eye-gaze perception in adults with ADHD: A high-density EEG study

Mauriello, Cheyenne; Pham, Eléonore; Kumar, Samika; Piguet, Camille; Deiber, Marie-Pierre; Aubry, Jean‐Michel; Dayer, Alexandre; Michel, Christoph M.; Perroud, Nader; Berchio, Cristina

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108351

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Several studies have also found higher baseline alpha power in individuals with ADHD vs. controls (Barry et al, 2003; Johnstone et al, 2013; Bozhilova et al, 2022; Michelini et al, 2022), however results are not always consistent (Loo and Makeig, 2012; Johnstone et al, 2013). Similarly, gaze-shifts are often used as a proxy for distraction, particularly under naturalistic conditions (’t Hart et al, 2009; Foulsham et al, 2011; Risko and Kingstone, 2011; Risko et al, 2012; Hoppe et al, 2018), and recent VR and real-life eye-tracking studies have found increased frequency and prolonged duration of gaze-shifts towards irrelevant locations in individuals with ADHD (Braga et al, 2016; Mauriello et al, 2022; Stokes et al, 2022). Although neither of these metrics showed significant between-group differences in the current dataset, they did contribute to explaining variability in ASRS scores across the sample, suggesting some association with the severity of ADHD symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(5) Eye-gaze patterns, which are commonly used as a proxy for determining the focus overt attention and detecting attention-shifts (Grosbras et al, 2005; Schomaker et al, 2017). Recent VR classroom suggest that children with ADHD tend to perform more gaze-shifts, particularly after distracting events, and take longer to re-focus on task-relevant portions of the scene, relative to control peers (Mauriello et al, 2022; Stokes et al, 2022; Selaskowski et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective attention and sensitivity to auditory disturbances in a virtually-real Classroom: Comparison of adults with and without AD(H)D

Levy,

Libman Hackmon,

Zvilichovsky

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Many people, and particularly those diagnosed with ADHD, report difficulties maintaining attention and proneness to distraction during classroom learning. However, the behavioral, neural and physiological basis of attention in realistic learning contexts is not well understood, since current clinical and scientific tools used for evaluating and quantifying the constructs of "distractibility" and "inattention", are removed from the real-life experience in organic classrooms. Here we introduce a novel Virtual Reality (VR) platform for studying students' brain activity and physiological responses as they immerse in realistic frontal classroom learning. Using this approach, we studied whether adults with and without ADHD (N=49) exhibit differences in neurophysiological metrics associated with sustained attention, such as speech-tracking of the teacher's voice, power of alpha-oscillations and levels of arousal, as well as responses to potential disturbances by background sound-events in the classroom. Under these ecological conditions, we find that adults with ADHD exhibit higher auditory neural response to background sounds relative to their control-peers, which also contributed to explaining variance in the severity of ADHD symptoms, together with higher power of alpha-oscillations and more frequent gaze-shifts around the classroom. These results are in-line with higher sensitivity to irrelevant stimuli in the environment and increased mind-wandering/boredom. At the same time, both groups exhibited similar learning outcomes and showed similar neural tracking of the teacher's speech. This suggests that in this context, attention may not operate as a zero-sum game and that allocating some resources to irrelevant stimuli does not always detract from performing the task at hand. Given the dire need for more objective, dimensional and ecologically-valid measures of attention and its real-life deficits, this work provides new insights into the neurophysiological manifestations of attention and distraction experienced in real-life contexts, while challenging some prevalent notions regarding the nature of attentional challenges experienced by those with ADHD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective attention and sensitivity to auditory disturbances in a virtually-real Classroom: Comparison of adults with and without AD(H)D

Levy,

Libman Hackmon,

Zvilichovsky

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Schizophrenia is characterized by a tendency to over interpret ambiguous gaze direction information as indicative of self‐referenced gaze, or the perception of being the object of attention of another person (Caruana et al, 2019; Chan et al, 2021; Hooker & Park, 2005; Tso et al, 2014; Tso, Angstadt, et al, 2021). This “self‐referential bias” in the perception of gaze plays also appears to play a role in bipolar disorder and social anxiety (Berchio et al, 2017; Gamer et al, 2011; Schmitz et al, 2012; Schulze et al, 2013; Yao et al, 2018), and possibly ADHD (Mauriello et al, 2022). Alternatively, hypo‐responsiveness to self‐referential gaze or the eye contact effect has been observed in research on ASD (Akechi et al, 2014; Grynszpan et al, 2017, Mundy & Bullen, 2022).…”

Section: Social Attention and A Revised Rdoc Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on social attention in autism and the challenges of the research domain criteria (RDoC) framework

Mundy

2023

Autism Research

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The fuzzy nature of categories of psychopathology, such as autism, leads to significant research challenges. Alternatively, focusing research on the study of a common set of important and well‐defined psychological constructs across psychiatric conditions may make the fundamental etiological processes of psychopathology easier to discern and treat (Cuthbert, 2022). The development of the research domain criteria (RDoC) framework is designed to guide this new research approach (Insel et al., 2010). However, progress in research may be expected to continually refine and reorganize the understanding of the specifics of these mental processes (Cuthbert & Insel, 2013). Moreover, knowledge gleaned from the study of both normative and atypical development can be mutually informative in the evolution of our understanding of these fundamental processes. A case in point is the study of social attention. This Autism 101 commentary provides an educational summary of research over the last few decades indicates that social attention is major construct in the study of human social‐cognitive development, autism and other forms of psychopathology. The commentary also describes how this research can inform the Social Process dimension of the RDoC framework.

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“…Gaze estimation, as a technique to estimate the points of gaze, can be used in a large variety of medical applications. Since it can reflect individual attention and abundant physiological information of the subjects, gaze estimation is of great potential for disability assistance [1] , Parkinson’s disease diagnosis [2] , ASD diagnosis [3] , [4] , and ADHD diagnosis [5] , [6] , [7] So far, varieties of gaze estimation methods have been proposed, ranging from scleral search coils, video-oculography (VOG) to EOG. The VOG-based technique is the most popular approach to estimating gaze due to its high performance in terms of accuracy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Robust Gaze Estimation Approach via Exploring Relevant Electrooculogram Features and Optimal Electrodes Placements

Zeng,

Tao,

Zhu

et al. 2024

IEEE J. Transl. Eng. Health Med.

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Gaze estimation, as a technique that reflects individual attention, can be used for disability assistance and assisting physicians in diagnosing diseases such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Parkinson’s disease, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Various techniques have been proposed for gaze estimation and achieved high resolution. Among these approaches, electrooculography (EOG)-based gaze estimation, as an economical and effective method, offers a promising solution for practical applications. Objective: In this paper, we systematically investigated the possible EOG electrode locations which are spatially distributed around the orbital cavity. Afterward, quantities of informative features to characterize physiological information of eye movement from the temporal-spectral domain are extracted from the seven differential channels. Methods and procedures: To select the optimum channels and relevant features, and eliminate irrelevant information, a heuristical search algorithm (i.e., forward stepwise strategy) is applied. Subsequently, a comparative analysis of the impacts of electrode placement and feature contributions on gaze estimation is evaluated via 6 classic models with 18 subjects. Results: Experimental results showed that the promising performance was achieved both in the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) within a wide gaze that ranges from −50° to +50°. The MAE and RMSE can be improved to 2.80° and 3.74° ultimately, while only using 10 features extracted from 2 channels. Compared with the prevailing EOG-based techniques, the performance improvement of MAE and RMSE range from 0.70° to 5.48° and 0.66° to 5.42°, respectively. Conclusion: We proposed a robust EOG-based gaze estimation approach by systematically investigating the optimal channel/feature combination. The experimental results indicated not only the superiority of the proposed approach but also its potential for clinical application. Clinical and translational impact statement: Accurate gaze estimation is a key step for assisting disabilities and accurate diagnosis of various diseases including ASD, Parkinson’s disease, and ADHD. The proposed approach can accurately estimate the points of gaze via EOG signals, and thus has the potential for various related medical applications.

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Dysfunctional temporal stages of eye-gaze perception in adults with ADHD: A high-density EEG study

Cited by 14 publications

References 83 publications

Selective attention and sensitivity to auditory disturbances in a virtually-real Classroom: Comparison of adults with and without AD(H)D

Selective attention and sensitivity to auditory disturbances in a virtually-real Classroom: Comparison of adults with and without AD(H)D

Research on social attention in autism and the challenges of the research domain criteria (RDoC) framework

A Robust Gaze Estimation Approach via Exploring Relevant Electrooculogram Features and Optimal Electrodes Placements

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