Dysfunctional temporal stages of eye-gaze perception in adults with ADHD: a high-density EEG study

Mauriello, Cheyenne; Pham, Eléonore; Kumar, Samika; Piguet, Camille; Deiber, Marie-Pierre; Aubry, Jean‐Michel; Dayer, Alexandre; Michel, Christoph M.; Perroud, Nader; Berchio, Cristina

doi:10.1101/2021.10.14.464365

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…However, our data to not support this hypothesis, as neither the gaze-dynamics nor behavioral performance were correlated with WMC (as operationalized here). Other hypotheses regarding the factors contributing to these behaviors, to be tested in future research, include traits such as personality traits, perceptual curiosity, or tendencies of hyperactivity or inattention (Hoppe et al, 2018; Bendall et al, 2021; Maron et al, 2021; Zangrossi et al, 2021; Khatri et al, 2022; Mauriello et al, 2022; Stokes et al, 2022). Regardless of the source of this inter-subject variability, this pattern reminds us that although selective attention studies usually assume that participants allocate their attention ‘as instructed’, in practice overt attention (as well as covert attention) may fluctuate and shift spontaneously, in manners that the experimenters cannot always monitor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covert detection of own-name and semantic violations in task-irrelevant speech, in a realistic Virtual Café

Brown

Pinto

Burgart

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Detecting that someone has said your name is one of the most famous examples for incidental processing of supposedly-unattended speech. However, empirical investigation of this so-called "cocktail party effect" has yielded conflicting results. We present a novel empirical approach for revisiting this effect under highly ecological conditions, by immersing participants in a multisensory virtual cafe environment and using realistic stimuli and tasks. Participants listened to conversational speech from a character sitting across from them, while a barista in the back of the cafe called out food orders. Unbeknownst to them, the barista sometimes called orders containing their own name or semantic violations. We used combined measurements of brain activity (EEG), eye-gaze and galvanic skin response to assess the response-profile to these two probes in the task-irrelevant barista-stream. Both probes elicited unique neural and physiological responses relative to control stimuli, indicating that the system indeed processed these words and detected their unique status, despite being task-irrelevant. Interestingly, these responses were covert in nature and were not accompanied by gaze-shifts towards the barista character. This pattern demonstrates that under these highly ecological conditions, listeners incidentally pick up information from task-irrelevant speech, emphasizing the dynamic and non-binary nature of attention in real-life environments.

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