Dysfunctional uterine bleeding: from adolescence to menopause

Abstract

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is defined as excessive or prolonged uterine bleeding in premenopausal women that is not caused by pelvic pathology, medications, systemic disease or pregnancy. It is a common condition that can lead not only to physical symptoms such as iron deficiency, anaemia, cramps and fatigue, but also has significant psychological and social effects that impair a woman's quality of life. Progesterone is highly important in the regulation of menstrual bleeding and a progesterone-deficient anovulatory state is a common cause of DUB. There are a wide range of treatment options available including hormonal therapies (oral cyclical progestogens, depot progestogens, progestogen-releasing intrauterine devices, combined oral contraceptives, danazol, gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues and hormone replacement therapy), non-hormonal therapies (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and antifibrinolytic drugs) and surgery (hysterectomy and endometrial ablation). The choice of appropriate therapy should be based on factors such as the mechanism behind the DUB, which symptoms are most problematic, and the woman's need for fertility or contraception. However, there is currently a lack of clinical evidence to help support these decisions.

Association of gene polymorphism with menorrhagia combined with thyroid pathology

“…To date, many genetic factors have been known, which indirectly lead to disorders of platelet-vascular hemostasis and are trigger factors for disorders of fibrinolysis [1-3, 17, 24]. Of particular interest is the polymorphism of the platelet receptor fibrinogen (GP IIIa), which is associated with a disturbance of the metabolism of homocysteine, the low concentration of which causes bleeding [4,13,21,22]. Today, 18 mutations of the GP IIIa gene are known.…”

Peculiarities of the hormonal profile in teenage girls with puberty menorrhagia

“…Значної перебудови в роботі репродуктивної системи зазнає організм дівчинки-підлітка саме в ювенільному віці безпосередньо під впливом горманальної регуляції взаємопов'язаних органів та систем [5,6]. Складні взаєморегулюючі зв'язки гормональної та репродуктивної систем спонукають до ретельного дослідження гормонального профілю вже при перших ознаках порушення становлення менструальної функції [7,8,9,10].…”