Dyslipidemia in Chronic Kidney Disease: An Approach to Pathogenesis and Treatment

The relationship between atherogenic index of plasma and epicardial adipose tissue in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients

“…Disturbed lipid profile was found to be closely related to atherosclerosis in general population 22,23 and in CKD patients. 4 Hemodialysis patients usually display increased concentrations of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins including very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), reduced serum levels of HDL-cholesterol and elevated concentrations of lipoprotein a (Lp(a)). Total and LDL-cholesterol values are usually within normal limits or slightly reduced in this population.…”

“…3 Additionally, it has been well known that CKD patients exhibit significant alterations in lipoprotein metabolism, which may result in the development of severe dyslipidemia in this population. 4 Previous studies demonstrated that hypertriglyceridemia might be the earliest laboratory finding among the other lipid abnormalities even in patients who have slightly elevated creatinine levels. 4,5 In contrast, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was found to inversely related to the cardiovascular risk in non-CKD population.…”

“…4 Previous studies demonstrated that hypertriglyceridemia might be the earliest laboratory finding among the other lipid abnormalities even in patients who have slightly elevated creatinine levels. 4,5 In contrast, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was found to inversely related to the cardiovascular risk in non-CKD population. 6 End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients usually have increased concentrations of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and reduced serum levels of HDL-cholesterol.…”

Characterization of a Rat Model of Moderate Chronic Renal Failure—Focus on Hematological, Biochemical, and Cardio-Renal Profiles

“…[20] Lipid abnormalities are found in CKD humans, and the prevalence of hyperlipidemia and metabolic syndrome is higher than in the general population. [21,22] However, the risk of cardiovascular disease in CKD patients varies depending on the type of lipid abnormalities, the cause of renal disease, and the degree of reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). [23] Our rat model reproduces the lipidic changes encountered in CKD patients.…”

“…[23] Our rat model reproduces the lipidic changes encountered in CKD patients. [20][21][22][23] Besides the anaemia secondary to renal failure, CKD patients usually develop cardiac failure that further aggravates renal disease. [24,25] This triad of dysfunctions, already known as cardio-renal anaemia syndrome, is responsible for the serious complications encountered in those patients.…”