Dysosmia and dysgeusia in patients with COVID-19 in northern Taiwan

Wang, Sheng; Liu, Wang-Da; Wang, Jann-Tay; Chang, Sui‐Yuan; Chang, Shan Chwen

doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2020.10.003

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In particular, 30 (19%) studies obtained follow-up data (either with a prospective or retrospective approach) for at least 20 days after OGD onset; only in 5 OGD persisted in less than 10% of patients that originally developed these symptoms 95 , 44 , 96 , 97 , 98 . Of note, among the four studies with the longest follow-up time (i.e.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in SARS-CoV-2 infection: A systematic review

Boscutti

Delvecchio

Pigoni

et al. 2021

Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health

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Background Among Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) manifestations, Olfactory (OD) and Gustatory (GD) Dysfunctions (OGD) have drawn considerable attention, becoming a sort of hallmark of the disease. Many have speculated on the pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of these disturbances; however, no definite answers have been produced on the topic. With this systematic review, we aimed to collect all the available evidence regarding the prevalence of OGD, the timing of their onset and their resolution, their rate of recovery and their role as diagnostic and prognostic tools for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Methods A systematic review comprising all the observational studies that reported the prevalence and/or the longitudinal trajectories of OGD in COVID-19 patients, as self-reported by patients or measured through objective psychophysical tests. Results After the selection process, 155 studies were included, with a total of 70920 patients and 105291 not-infected individuals. Prevalence reports were extremely variable across studies, with wide ranges for OD (0% - 98%) and GD (0-89%) prevalence. OGD occurred early during the disease course and only rarely preceded other symptoms; out of 30 studies with a follow-up time of at least 20 days, only in 5 studies OGD fully resolved in more than 90% of patients. OGD had low sensitivity and high specificity for SARS-CoV-2 infection; accuracy of OD and GD for infection identification was higher than 80% in 10 out of 33 studies and in 8 out of 22 studies considered, respectively. 28 out of 30 studies that studied the association between OGD and disease severity found how OGD were associated with lower rates of severe pneumonia, hospitalization and mortality. Conclusions OGD seem to be highly prevalent in SARS-CoV-2 infection. They occur early, concomitantly with other symptoms and often persist after recovery, in some cases for months; whether a full recovery eventually occurs in all cases is not clear yet. OGD are good predictors of SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with a milder disease course.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in SARS-CoV-2 infection: A systematic review

Boscutti

Delvecchio

Pigoni

et al. 2021

Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health

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“…Although among the studies that clinically addressed COVID-19, the most used form of diagnosis was RT-PCR in the detection of viral RNA, the serological analysis also was used in the detection of IgG and IgM antibodies (Amorim Dos Santos et al, 2021;Amorim Dos Santos et al, 2020b;Brandao et al, 2021;Cebeci Kahraman, Ozen, et al, 2020;L. Chen et al, 2020b;Cherif et al, 2020;Cirillo et al, 2021a;Coke et al, 2021a;Cruz Tapia et al, 2020;Eghbali Zarch & Hosseinzadeh, 2021a;Elibol, 2021;Fantozzi et al, 2020;Fernandes Matuck et al, 2020;Fidan et al, 2021;Freni et al, 2020;Gherlone et al, 2021;Halboub et al, 2020;Hockova et al, 2021;Karadas et al, 2020;Kitakawa et al, 2020a;Lechien et al, 2020b;Moreira et al, 2020a;Morteza Mousavi-Hasanzadeh et al, 2020;Nitecki et al, 2021;Ramires et al, 2021;Saniasiaya et al, 2021;Sheng et al, 2021;Sirin & Ozcelik, 2021;Tham et al, 2021). Sputum and saliva analysis, nasal and throat smears were also used (Bao et al, 2020;Cherif et al, 2020;Coke et al, 2021a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This recommendation varied a lot. Some authors reported the administration of those principal medicines with a large range of other ones (nasal saline irrigation, hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, diphenhydramine, acetaminophen, Vitamin B, dipyrone, and Fexofenadine) arbitrarily (Coke et al, 2021a;Halboub et al, 2020;Manzalawi et al, 2020;Morteza Mousavi-Hasanzadeh et al, 2020;Sheng et al, 2021;Tanasa et al, 2020). Taking into account that there are many strands in the therapy approach for COVID-19 a wide range of combinations of medicines were already expected to be observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The time for oral manifestations related to the COVID-19 infection also varies from each study and symptom (Amorim Dos Santos et al, 2021;Brandão et al, 2020;Brandini et al, 2021;Capocasale et al, 2021;Cebeci Kahraman, Ozen, et al, 2020;L. Chen et al, 2020b;Cruz Tapia et al, 2020;Eghbali Zarch & Hosseinzadeh, 2021a;Fantozzi et al, 2020;Fathi et al, 2021;Halboub et al, 2020;Iranmanesh et al, 2021b;Kitakawa et al, 2020a;La Rosa et al, 2020;Lechien et al, 2020b;Manzalawi et al, 2020;Ramires et al, 2021;Sheng et al, 2021;Tanasa et al, 2020). While the majority of the included studies describe a wide range period of onset for oral manifestations, from one to forty-two days (Eghbali Zarch & Hosseinzadeh, 2021a;Sheng et al, 2021), some studies also report the onset of oral symptoms before diagnosis of COVID-19, been until seven days prior (Cebeci Kahraman, Ozen, et al, 2020;Cirillo et al, 2021a;Fantozzi et al, 2020;Iranmanesh et al, 2021b;Manzalawi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chen et al, 2020b;Cruz Tapia et al, 2020;Eghbali Zarch & Hosseinzadeh, 2021a;Fantozzi et al, 2020;Fathi et al, 2021;Halboub et al, 2020;Iranmanesh et al, 2021b;Kitakawa et al, 2020a;La Rosa et al, 2020;Lechien et al, 2020b;Manzalawi et al, 2020;Ramires et al, 2021;Sheng et al, 2021;Tanasa et al, 2020). While the majority of the included studies describe a wide range period of onset for oral manifestations, from one to forty-two days (Eghbali Zarch & Hosseinzadeh, 2021a;Sheng et al, 2021), some studies also report the onset of oral symptoms before diagnosis of COVID-19, been until seven days prior (Cebeci Kahraman, Ozen, et al, 2020;Cirillo et al, 2021a;Fantozzi et al, 2020;Iranmanesh et al, 2021b;Manzalawi et al, 2020). Gustatory dysfunctions, xerostomia, ulcerative lesions and periodontal alterations were described such before as after COVID-19 diagnosis confirmation and presence of other symptoms in this review.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral manifestations detected in COVID-19 patients: an integrative review

Ramirez

Soares

Ramos

et al. 2021

RSD

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The aim of this integrative review consisted of verifying whether the oral manifestations detected in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 are useful in diagnosing the disease, whether they are a manifestation resulting from the disease, or whether there is evidence that there is no correlation between the pathologies. Therefore, articles in the PubMed, Lilacs, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science and Embase databases were searched, in addition to the search in gray literature. The terms used in the search were: “COVID-19” or “Sars-Cov-2” or “coronavirus” and “oral conditions” or “oral health” or “oral manifestations” and “diagnosis/complications” or “symptoms”. Thus, 1.305 articles were selected, of which 61 were selected to compose this review. Most of the included studies considered oral symptoms as taste changes, xerostomia and ulcerative lesions in the oral and labial mucosa. All symptoms related to this pathology still need further studies and investigations so that all mechanisms and manifestations related to it are completely elucidated.

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Systematic review and meta-analysis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in COVID-19

Liu

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2022

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Background Chemosensory disorders associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been widely mentioned during the pandemic. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the risk factors for olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in patients with COVID-19. Methods Three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library) were searched for studies published between December 1st, 2019 to August 31st, 2021. Select random effects model or fixed effects model to pool data based on heterogeneity. The results were reported as odds ratios or standardized mean differences and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Heterogeneity was reported as I 2 . Results Twenty-six studies with a total of 13813 patients were included. The pooled data indicated that sex (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 0.93-2.31), age (SMD, -5.80; 95% CI, −13.35-1.75), smoking (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 0.72-5.79), and comorbidity (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.58-2.53) of COVID-19 patients had no effect on gustatory dysfunction. Olfactory dysfunction was more likely to occur in elderly patients with COVID-19 (SMD, -5.22; 95% CI, −8.28- −2.16). And COVID-19 patients with nasal congestion (OR, 3.41;95%CI, 2.30-5.06) and rhinorrhea (OR, 2.35; 95%CI, 1.60-3.45) are more prone to olfactory dysfunction. Conclusion These findings emphasize that elderly COVID-19 patients are more likely to suffer from olfactory dysfunction. Symptoms of nasal congestion and rhinorrhea may affect the recognition of olfactory dysfunction.

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Dysosmia and dysgeusia in patients with COVID-19 in northern Taiwan

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in SARS-CoV-2 infection: A systematic review

Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in SARS-CoV-2 infection: A systematic review

Oral manifestations detected in COVID-19 patients: an integrative review

Systematic review and meta-analysis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in COVID-19

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