Dysplasia and colorectal cancer surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease

Pulusu, Samba Siva Reddy; Lawrance, Ian C.

doi:10.1080/17474124.2017.1327347

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Through screening, it was found that the detection rate of CRC in urban residents was 0.23%, and the detection rate of advanced adenoma was 1.27%, which is at a low level, lower than the previously reported 0.25 and 3.07% (21). The detection rate in males was higher than in females, which is consistent with the characteristics of CRC incidence in males higher than females (22). With the increase of age, the detection rate of advanced neoplasms, non-advanced adenomas, and any neoplasms increased both for males and females, suggesting that CRC screening is more effective in the elderly population (23).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Determinants of Participation and Detection Rate of Colorectal Cancer From a Population-Based Screening Program in China

Zhang

Zheng

et al. 2020

Front. Oncol.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening has been widely implemented in Europe and the USA. However, there is little evidence of participation and diagnostic yields in population-based CRC screening in China. The participation rate and detection of colorectal lesions in this program were reported and related factors were explored. The analysis was conducted in the context of the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China, which recruited 282,377 eligible participants aged 40-74 years from eight cities in Henan province from 2013 to 2019. A total of 39,834 participants were evaluated to be high risk for CRC by an established risk score system and were subsequently recommended for colonoscopy. Of 39,834 with high risk for CRC, 7,454 subjects undertook colonoscopy (participation rate of 18.71%). We found that 50-64 years, high level of education, marriage, former smoking, current alcohol drinking, low levels dietary intake of vegetables, high levels dietary intake of processed meat, lack of physical activity, fecal occult blood test positive result, history of colonic polyp, history of colorectitis, and family history of CRC were associated with increased participation of colonoscopy screening. Overall, 17 CRC (0.23%), 95 advanced adenoma (1.27%), 478 non-advanced adenomas dysplasia (6.41%), 248 hyperplastic polyp (3.33%), and 910 other benign lesions (12.21%) were detected. The findings from the study will provide important references for designing effective population-based CRC screening strategies in the future. Given the relatively low participation rate, there was room for improvement in the yield of CRC screening.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Determinants of Participation and Detection Rate of Colorectal Cancer From a Population-Based Screening Program in China

Zhang

Zheng

et al. 2020

Front. Oncol.

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“…Colon carcinoma is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer. The majority (60-85%) of CRC is classified as sporadic cancers and around 10-30% is familial or hereditary, stressing the importance of environmental and microbial factors in tumorigenesis [ 108 , 109 ]. IBD accounts for 1-2% of CRC cases, but the cancer risk in UC patients is 5 times higher than the general population and colitis-associated CRC is more aggressive [ 110 ].…”

Section: Microbiota Dybiosis and Mucosal Biofilms In Colon Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota dysbiosis and barrier dysfunction in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancers: exploring a common ground hypothesis

2018

J Biomed Sci

299

232

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial disease which arises as a result of the interaction of genetic, environmental, barrier and microbial factors leading to chronic inflammation in the intestine. Patients with IBD had a higher risk of developing colorectal carcinoma (CRC), of which the subset was classified as colitis-associated cancers. Genetic polymorphism of innate immune receptors had long been considered a major risk factor for IBD, and the mutations were also recently observed in CRC. Altered microbial composition (termed microbiota dybiosis) and dysfunctional gut barrier manifested by epithelial hyperpermeability and high amount of mucosa-associated bacteria were observed in IBD and CRC patients. The findings suggested that aberrant immune responses to penetrating commensal microbes may play key roles in fueling disease progression. Accumulative evidence demonstrated that mucosa-associated bacteria harbored colitogenic and protumoral properties in experimental models, supporting an active role of bacteria as pathobionts (commensal-derived opportunistic pathogens). Nevertheless, the host factors involved in bacterial dysbiosis and conversion mechanisms from lumen-dwelling commensals to mucosal pathobionts remain unclear. Based on the observation of gut leakiness in patients and the evidence of epithelial hyperpermeability prior to the onset of mucosal histopathology in colitic animals, it was postulated that the epithelial barrier dysfunction associated with mucosal enrichment of specific bacterial strains may predispose the shift to disease-associated microbiota. The speculation of leaky gut as an initiating factor for microbiota dysbiosis that eventually led to pathological consequences was proposed as the “common ground hypothesis”, which will be highlighted in this review. Overall, the understanding of the core interplay between gut microbiota and epithelial barriers at early subclinical phases will shed light to novel therapeutic strategies to manage chronic inflammatory disorders and colitis-associated cancers.

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“…Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gut that includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) [1]. While the incidence of IBD only occurs in 1-2% of all colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in the general population [2], this incidence has been quantified to increase up to 5% in patients suffering over 20 years of the disease [3]. The risk of CRC development rises in patients with IBD and is a more belligerent carcinoma with an earlier age of onset than sporadic CRC [2]; with the major driving force of carcinogenesis being inflammation and immunosuppression [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the incidence of IBD only occurs in 1-2% of all colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in the general population [2], this incidence has been quantified to increase up to 5% in patients suffering over 20 years of the disease [3]. The risk of CRC development rises in patients with IBD and is a more belligerent carcinoma with an earlier age of onset than sporadic CRC [2]; with the major driving force of carcinogenesis being inflammation and immunosuppression [4]. This has led to a poor prognosis for patients with IBD, with 1 in 6 patients dying from cancer [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does NLRP3 Inflammasome and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Play an Interlinked Role in Bowel Inflammation and Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer?

2020

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Inflammation is a hallmark in many forms of cancer; with colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) being a progressive intestinal inflammation due to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While this is an exemplification of the negatives of inflammation, it is just as crucial to have some degree of the inflammatory process to maintain a healthy immune system. A pivotal component in the maintenance of such intestinal homeostasis is the innate immunity component, inflammasomes. Inflammasomes are large, cytosolic protein complexes formed following stimulation of microbial and stress signals that lead to the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been extensively studied in part due to its strong association with colitis and CAC. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has recently been acknowledged for its connection to the immune system aside from its role as an environmental sensor. AhR has been described to play a role in the inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome activation pathway. This review will summarise the signalling pathways of both the NLRP3 inflammasome and AhR; as well as new-found links between these two signalling pathways in intestinal immunity and some potential therapeutic agents that have been found to take advantage of this link in the treatment of colitis and CAC.

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Dysplasia and colorectal cancer surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease

Cited by 20 publications

References 89 publications

Determinants of Participation and Detection Rate of Colorectal Cancer From a Population-Based Screening Program in China

Determinants of Participation and Detection Rate of Colorectal Cancer From a Population-Based Screening Program in China

Microbiota dysbiosis and barrier dysfunction in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancers: exploring a common ground hypothesis

Does NLRP3 Inflammasome and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Play an Interlinked Role in Bowel Inflammation and Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer?

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