Dysregulated Phosphate Metabolism, Periodontal Disease, and Cancer: Possible Global Health Implications

Brown, Ronald B.

doi:10.3390/dj7010018

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Some studies show similar data for patients with periodontitis and patients without periodontal involvement [47,48], or minimal differences between the levels found in periodontal healthy sites and those with periodontitis [49,50]. Other studies point out considerable increase of crevicular TNF-α in periodontitis [51][52][53], supporting the fact that TNF-α concentration variations can be used to predict the progression of periodontal condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-8 Crevicular Profile in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Periodontitis

et al. 2022

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Increasing evidence sustains the potential of periodontitis as a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our study aimed to analyze several periodontal specific inflammatory biomarkers within the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with CKD, compared to patients with normal kidney function, providing an inflammatory profile of the dialysis patient. The study comprised 79 patients divided into: group 1 (59 subjects with periodontitis and CKD) and group 2 (20 patients with periodontitis, without other systemic conditions). Clinical diagnosis was performed via dental and periodontal examination. GCF samples were collected from each patient, and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and MMP-8 were determined by using ELISA assay. In group 1, the average values were: 22.85 ± 5.87 pg/mL for TNF-α, 33.00 ± 39.68 pg/mL for IL-1β and 18.80 ± 27.75 ng/mL for MMP-8. In group 2, the mean values were: 2.10 ± 1.34 pg/mL for TNF-α, 0.71 ± 2.42 pg/mL for IL-1β and 5.35 ± 0.37 ng/mL for MMP-8. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between groups as referring to all three biomarkers and, TNF-α and MMP-8, in certain stages of periodontitis. The level of TNF-α, IL-1β and MMP-8 points out the increased inflammatory status of the dialysis patient with PD, supporting the mutual connection of the two pathologies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-8 Crevicular Profile in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Periodontitis

et al. 2022

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“…Several studies have reported that periodontitis is closely related to chronic kidney disease 40–43 . Dysregulated Phosphate Metabolism was closed with Periodontal Disease 44 . The urinary protein consists of both NAPs and albumin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the causal relationship between human blood/urine metabolites and periodontal disease using two‐sample Mendelian randomization

Yin,

Wu,

Song

2024

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsThe aim is to investigate the cause‐and‐effect connection between metabolites found in blood/urine and the likelihood of developing periodontal disease (PD) through the utilization of a two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method.MethodsUsing an inverse variance weighted (IVW) method and two additional two‐sample MR models, we examined the relationship between blood/urine metabolites and PD by analyzing data from a comprehensive metabolome‐based genome‐wide association study and the Genome‐Wide Association Studies (GWAS) of PD. To assess the consistency and dependability of the findings, diversity, cross‐effects, and sensitivity analyses were conducted.ResultsOut of the 35 metabolites found in blood and urine, a total of eight metabolites (C‐reactive protein, Potassium in urine, Urea, Cystatin C, Non‐albumin protein, Creatinine, estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, and Phosphate) displayed a possible causal connection with the risk of dental caries/PD using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method (p < 0.05). This includes five metabolites in the blood and three in the urine. No metabolites were statistically significant in IVW MR models (p < 3.68 × 10−4). Even after conducting sensitivity analysis with the leave‐one‐out method and removing the confounding instrumental variables, the impact of these factors on dental caries/PD remained significant.ConclusionBased on the available evidence, it is not possible to establish a significant causal link between the 35 blood metabolites and the likelihood of developing dental caries and PD.

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“…When it comes to CKD-MBD, hyperphosphatemia increases phosphate levels in saliva, which is associated with a higher risk of inflammation of the periodontium. Furthermore, higher levels of phosphorus itself are linked to systemic inflammation [71]. This will enhance the association of periodontal disease and CKD.…”

Section: Periodontal Disease and Chronic Kidney Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological Characteristics of Periodontal Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Kidney Transplantation

Kitamura

Mochizuki

Miyata

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is recognized as an irreversible reduction of functional nephrons and leads to an increased risk of various pathological conditions, including cardiovascular disease and neurological disorders, such as coronary artery calcification, hypertension, and stroke. In addition, CKD patients have impaired immunity against bacteria and viruses. Conversely, kidney transplantation (KT) is performed for patients with end-stage renal disease as a renal replacement therapy. Although kidney function is almost normalized by KT, immunosuppressive therapy is essential to maintain kidney allograft function and to prevent rejection. However, these patients are more susceptible to infection due to the immunosuppressive therapy required to maintain kidney allograft function. Thus, both CKD and KT present disadvantages in terms of suppression of immune function. Periodontal disease is defined as a chronic infection and inflammation of oral and periodontal tissues. Periodontal disease is characterized by the destruction of connective tissues of the periodontium and alveolar bone, which may lead to not only local symptoms but also systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, liver disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and several types of cancer. In addition, the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease are significantly associated with mortality. Many researchers pay special attention to the pathological roles and clinical impact of periodontal disease in patients with CKD or KT. In this review, we provide information regarding important modulators of periodontal disease to better understand the relationship between periodontal disease and CKD and/or KT. Furthermore; we evaluate the impact of periodontal disease on various pathological conditions in patients with CKD and KT. Moreover, pathogens of periodontal disease common to CKD and KT are also discussed. Finally, we examine the importance of periodontal care in these patients. Thus, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the pathological roles and clinical significance of periodontal disease in patients with CKD and KT.

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Dysregulated Phosphate Metabolism, Periodontal Disease, and Cancer: Possible Global Health Implications

Cited by 9 publications

References 70 publications

TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-8 Crevicular Profile in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Periodontitis

TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-8 Crevicular Profile in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Periodontitis

Investigating the causal relationship between human blood/urine metabolites and periodontal disease using two‐sample Mendelian randomization

Pathological Characteristics of Periodontal Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Kidney Transplantation

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