E‐cigarettes: voltage‐ and concentration‐dependent loss in human lung adenocarcinoma viability

Otręba, Michał; Kośmider, Leon; Knysak, Jakub; Warncke, Jared D.; Sobczak, Andrzej

doi:10.1002/jat.3625

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We used a shorter puff duration, which occurred due to the safety feature of the device. As a result, the utilized puff duration is more comparable with cigarette use, although similar puff durations have been used by others (Anderson, Majeste, Hanus, & Wang, ; Leslie et al, ; Otręba et al, ). More recent topography data have revealed that puffing behaviour is highly heterogeneous with significant inter‐ and intra‐user variation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…In line with our data, Bengalli et al reported no cytotoxic or inflammatory effect of EVE with and without nicotine, or with the addition of tobacco flavour on A549 cells (Bengalli et al, ), whereas others have seen some cytotoxic effects (Cervellati et al, ). As stated earlier, this could be due to differing E‐liquids, devices and device settings, as shown by Otręba and colleagues with increasing battery output voltage (Otręba, Kosmider, Knysak, Warncke, & Sobczak, ). A study comparing the toxicity of a range of EVEs with CSE using a variety of human cell lines, including BEAS‐2B, also showed that CSE proved more cytotoxic than EVEs, and that the decrease in cell viability after EVE exposure was dependent on brand, flavour and cell line used in the model (Leslie et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Unfortunately, it is unclear from our study whether the increased toxicity of the nicotine‐containing EVE is attributed to nicotine or to the tobacco flavouring, or a combination of the two. The specific contribution of nicotine has been investigated by others but remains inconclusive with some studies indicating an effect (Otręba et al, ; Wu, Jiang, Minor, & Chu, ), whereas others show that cytotoxicity is independent of nicotine concentration (Scheffler et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The toxic potential of a fourth‐generation E‐cigarette on human lung cell lines and tissue explants

Rankin

Wingfors

Uski

et al. 2019

J of Applied Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of electronic cigarettes (E‐cigs) is rapidly increasing. The latest generation of E‐cigs is highly customizable, allowing for high heating coil temperatures. The aim of this study was to assess the toxic potential of a fourth‐generation E‐cig. Aerosols generated from E‐liquid with (24 mg/mL) and without nicotine, using a fourth‐generation E‐cig, were chemically analysed and compared with cigarette smoke (K3R4F). Human lung epithelial cell lines and distal lung tissue explants were exposed to E‐cig vapour extract (EVE) and cigarette smoke extract for 24 hours and assessed for viability, inflammation, oxidative stress and genotoxicity. E‐cig aerosols contained measurable levels of volatile organic compounds, aldehydes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, in general, to a much lesser extent than cigarette smoke. Higher levels of certain carbonyls, e.g. formaldehyde, were detected in the E‐cig aerosols. EVEs decreased cell viability of BEAS‐2B cells, whereas little effect was seen in A549 cells and distal lung tissue. The nicotine‐containing EVE caused a greater decrease in cell viability and significant increase in DNA damage than the nicotine‐free EVE. Increased cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species production and genotoxicity were seen with cells and tissue exposed to cigarette smoke extract compared with EVEs. Although E‐cig aerosols were less toxic than cigarette smoke, it was not benign. Moreover, the EVE containing nicotine was more toxic than the nicotine‐free EVE. More research is needed on the short‐ and long‐term health effects of vaping and the usage of newly emerging E‐cig devices to evaluate better the potential negative effects of E‐cigs on human health.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The toxic potential of a fourth‐generation E‐cigarette on human lung cell lines and tissue explants

Rankin

Wingfors

Uski

et al. 2019

J of Applied Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, many of these flavoring agents are categorized as “generally recognized as safe” by the Flavor Extracts Manufacturers Association for ingestion; however, the classification does not pertain to inhalation. To this point, several in vitro studies using human, rat or mouse cells demonstrate that some flavoring agents in e‐liquids are cytotoxic (Bahl et al, ; Behar et al, ; Behar, Wang, & Talbot, ; Farsalinos et al, ; Lerner et al, ; Otreba, Kosmider, Knysak, Warncke, & Sobczak, ; Rowell et al, ). Cinnamon‐flavored e‐liquids are particularly cytotoxic in rat cardiomyoblasts and human CALU3 airways cells (Farsalinos et al, ; Rowell et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic cigarette liquid exposure induces flavor‐dependent osteotoxicity and increases expression of a key bone marker, collagen type I

Otero

Noeker

Brown

et al. 2019

J of Applied Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electronic cigarettes (e‐cigarettes) are nicotine delivery devices advertised as a healthier alternative to conventional tobacco products, but their rapid rise in popularity outpaces research on potential health consequences. As conventional tobacco use is a risk factor for osteoporosis, this study examines whether exposure to electronic liquid (e‐liquid) used in e‐cigarettes affects bone‐forming osteoblasts. Human MG‐63 and Saos‐2 osteoblast‐like cells were treated for 48 hours with 0.004%‐4.0% dilutions of commercially available e‐liquids of various flavors with or without nicotine. Changes in cell viability and key osteoblast markers, runt‐related transcription factor 2 and Col1a1, were assessed. With all e‐liquids tested, cell viability decreased in a dose‐dependent manner, which was least pronounced in flavorless e‐liquids, most pronounced in cinnamon‐flavored e‐liquids and occurred independently of nicotine. Col1a1, but not runt‐related transcription factor 2, mRNA expression was upregulated in response to coffee‐flavored and fruit‐flavored e‐liquids. Cells treated with a non‐cytotoxic concentration of fruit‐flavored Mango Blast e‐liquid with or without nicotine showed significantly increased collagen type I protein expression compared to culture medium only. We conclude that the degree of osteotoxicity is flavor‐dependent and occurs independently of nicotine and that flavored e‐liquids reveal collagen type I as a potential target in osteoblasts. This study elucidates potential consequences of e‐cigarette use in bone.

show abstract

“…Several studies have reported that the type of NVP device used can influence nicotine delivery and exposure to toxicants [6,7]. In a convenience sample of experienced US vapers surveyed in 2014, Yingst et al showed that most vapers began with a disposable or 'cigalike' device (59%) and nearly two-thirds transitioned to a refillable device, whereas only 6% of those who began on a refillable device made the reverse move [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of nicotine vaping products used by participants in the 2016 ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Aims The regulatory environment for nicotine vaping products (NVPs) varies widely across countries and this will probably affect the devices used, nicotine content and usage, and hence the ability of NVPs to substitute for cigarettes. We aimed to describe the types of NVPs used by current vapers in four countries with varying regulatory and enforcement approaches toward the marketing and sale of NVPs. Methods Data are from wave 1 (July-November 2016) of the ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey (4CV1), conducted among a cohort of current and former smokers, and current NVP users (n = 5147 adults; ≥ 18 years) in Australia (AU), Canada (CA), England (EN) and the United States (US) reporting either current daily, weekly or occasional NVP use. Devices were described by type, brand, voltage variability and refill capacity. Refill solutions were described by flavour and nicotine content. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were conducted on the overall sample and stratified by country. A multinomial logistic regression examined factors associated with device preference across the whole sample. Results The types of NVPs used differed by pattern of use and country. Exclusive, daily vapers were more likely to use refillable pen-shaped devices [odds ratio (OR) = 10.0] or refillable box-shaped devices (OR = 5.4) than disposable cigalike devices, when compared with other (non-daily/dual) users. Nearly all respondents reported using flavoured NVPs, fruit (28.3%) being the most common flavour. Refillable devices were the most popular: refillable box-shaped devices were more commonly reported by vapers in AU (36.8%) and US (31.4%), whereas in EN (47.4%) and CA (29.7%), vapers more often reported using refillable pen-style devices. Most users also reported that their products contained nicotine, even in CA (87.8%) and AU (91.2%), where vaping products containing nicotine were technically illegal. Conclusions In Australia, Canada, England and the United States in 2016, refillable nicotine vaping products were the most common type of nicotine vaping products used by daily vapers. Most daily vapers reported using flavoured e-liquids/refills (with variance across countries) and most reported using products that contain nicotine, even where vaping products with nicotine were banned.

show abstract

E‐cigarettes: voltage‐ and concentration‐dependent loss in human lung adenocarcinoma viability

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

The toxic potential of a fourth‐generation E‐cigarette on human lung cell lines and tissue explants

The toxic potential of a fourth‐generation E‐cigarette on human lung cell lines and tissue explants

Electronic cigarette liquid exposure induces flavor‐dependent osteotoxicity and increases expression of a key bone marker, collagen type I

Characteristics of nicotine vaping products used by participants in the 2016 ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About