E-learning: substitutability of learner–learner, and learner–facilitator interactions to enhance learner satisfaction in higher education

Abstract

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of learner–learner and learner–facilitator interactions on learner satisfaction and their substitutability.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative survey research focusing on 130 students was used to collect data. Stratified sampling was preferred for the study, with a Likert type research instrument being administered online.FindingsLearner–learner and learner–facilitator interactions mediate the effect of e-learning on learner satisfaction. These sets of interactions act as independent mediators, each playing a pivotal role in enhancing learner satisfaction. The interactions are however not substitutable.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study will provide insights to academic administrators, to ensure that the two sets of interactions contribute to an effective and conducive e-learning environment and ultimately learner satisfaction. Deliberate efforts should be made to design increased e-learning interactivity into the cyber learning environment for effective learning.Originality/valueThe findings result in a ranking of learner–learner and learner–facilitator interactions for increased learner satisfaction. The interactions cannot be substituted without affecting the level of learner satisfaction. The interactions play a complementarity role, and collectively, enrich the quality of e-learning. A collective deployment is recommended.

Underlying factors of student engagement to E-learning

“…Since the advent of COVID-19, educational institutions have been struggling to engage students online (Gurukkal, 2020; Dubey and Sahu, 2021, 2022, 2022a; Nyathi and Sibanda, 2022). The sudden change in the mode of education has put forward a huge challenge for all educational institutes globally.…”

“…Additionally, the learning was seen as being practical, simple and flexible. Those factors are intertwined with getting students comfortable with technology (Arbaugh, 2000;Paola Torres Maldonado et al, 2011;Nyathi and Sibanda, 2022). Also, face-to-face education requires frequent attendance, whereas interactive sessions rely on worksheets.…”

“…Students’ connections to the institution are fundamental to the concept of engagement. Institutions have a duty to provide conducive classroom settings that maximize educational potential (Nyathi and Sibanda, 2022).…”

“…Fourthly, it creates global communities. Lastly, it offers an increasingly vital service for learners to improve their knowledge (Rosenberg, 2001; Nyathi and Sibanda, 2022; Dubey and Sahu, 2021, 2022, 2022a). Govindasamy (2002) asserted e-learning solves learning and performance issues.…”

“…Khan (2003) describes e-learning as an accessible, well-designed, student-centered, inexpensive, efficient, flexible and supported learning environment. This learning method offers a fun and engaging way to convey lessons and assignments, making their education a positive experience for the students (Dubey and Sahu, 2022, 2022a; Nyathi and Sibanda, 2022). It was seen that when supported by the institution, e-learning may improve students' scores and learning satisfaction.…”