e-Parking: Multi-agent Smart Parking Platform for Dynamic Pricing and Reservation Sharing Service

Abstract

Parking is a key element of a sustainable urban mobility policy. It plays a fundamental role in travel planning and transport management, as the foremost vector of modal choice, but also as a potential means of freeing up public spaces. In this article we define the smart parking concept, as an application of smart mobility, present a historical analysis of the evolution of smart parking framework and show a statistical analysis of the published patent applications in this field around the world using the ORBIT database. Then, we propose a new smart parking architecture based on multi-agent features. Finally, we introduce the e-Parking system, platform to improve the driver experience of crowded cities. It provides real-time parking prices and offers a reservation and guidance services. In addition, the system assigns an optimal parking for a driver based on the user's requirements that combine proximity to destination, parking cost and dwell time, while ensuring a fair sharing of public space among users and improves traffic conditions. Our approach is based on dynamic pricing policy. Our scheme is suitable for mixed-usage areas, as it considers the presence of reserved and not reserved driver in the same parking area.

Towards Scalable and Privacy-Enhanced On-Street Parking Management: A Roadmap for Future Inquiry

“…This approach can offer a powerful tool for solving large-scale problems such as on-street parking. One solution proposes to deploy this approach by modeling the interaction between multiple agents that are each responsible for roles such as displaying parking information, identifying vehicles, controlling the parking/deparking of a parking space, communicating between distributed agents, making final decisions, updating parking prices, prediction of occupancy based on real-time and historical data, calculating the cost to each parking space, reservation of parking space, manage payments, displaying of available parking spaces within the search radius, and receiving requests through a user interface (S33) [53]. Another solution leverages recurring patterns found in the dataset of parking availability prediction systems (S39) [59].…”

The Parking Problem: A Game-Theoretic Solution

“…In [7] the model is based on the interaction between the user (driver) and the administrator, but focusing more on the architecture rather than the model setting and the strategic reasoning. Similarly, [8] provides an E-parking system, based on multi-agent systems aimed to optimize several users' preferences. In [13], the authors manage the parking problem with a cooperative multi-agent system, by relying on a priority mechanism.…”

An IoT Based Intelligent Parking System for the Unutilized Parking Area With Real-Time Monitoring Using Mobile and Web Application

“…In the disabled parking system [22], the authors used modules like RFID, a variant of sensors, and cloud technology to confirm that the parking lots allocated for the disabled person are occupied only by the authorized people. The authors of [23] proposed a parking architecture that includes an eparking system and multi-agent features. The system contains facilities such as detecting vehicle entrance, vacant parking lot, vehicle guidance system, a smartphone application for booking parking space, and automated fee collection.…”