E-Test: An Alternative Method for Susceptibility Testing of &lt;i&gt;Mycobacterium tuberculosis&lt;/i&gt;

Akçalı, Sinem; Çiçek, Candan; Sürücüoğlu, Süheyla; Özbakkaloğlu, Beril

doi:10.1159/000085747

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In the se stu di es, E test met hod was empha si zed as a fast, easy, re li ab le, and fe a sib le method for ro u ti ne use in de tec ting an timy co bac te ri al sus cep ti bi lity. 11,12,19,21,24 Ak ca li et al ha ve al so found an ex cel lent ag re e ment for INH, RIF, SM and EMB (100%) with E test and agar pro por ti on results in the ir study. 19 In anot her study, Mu ra lid har et al sug ges ted that cor re la ti on bet we en L-J propor ti on and E test met hod was 87%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…11,12,19,21,24 Ak ca li et al ha ve al so found an ex cel lent ag re e ment for INH, RIF, SM and EMB (100%) with E test and agar pro por ti on results in the ir study. 19 In anot her study, Mu ra lid har et al sug ges ted that cor re la ti on bet we en L-J propor ti on and E test met hod was 87%. 25 Ho we ver, Fre i xo et al and Ha us dor fer et al no ted a sig ni ficant num ber of fal se sen si ti ve and fal se re sis tant re sults with E test in com pa ri son with agar propor ti on.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Si mi larly, in so me stu di es per for med in our co untry, re se rac hers fo und high ove rall re sis tan ce ra tes for all first-li ne an ti tu ber cu lo us drugs. 19,20 The dif fe ren ce bet we en re sis tan ce ra tes of the se re ports and pre sent study may be du e to dif fe ren ces betwe en pa ti ent po pu la ti ons. In stu di es men ti o ned abo ve, the cli ni cal da ta abo ut ca ses we re not no ted and they could be inc lu ded in both pri mary and secon dary re sis tant ca ses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spe ci a li zed equ ip ment re qu i red (CO 2 in cu ba tor), and its cost, all ma ke this met hod less use ful in deve lo ping co un tri es. 19,26 Va ri o us stu di es ha ve shown that E-test is a pro mi sing new met hod for the sus cep ti bi lity tes ting of slowly gro wing myco bac te ri a as well. 19,25 However costs may be con si de red a di sad van ta ge of this met hod.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Susceptibility Rates of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary 229 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates to Major Antituberculous Drugs and Comparison of E test and Standard Proportion Methods

Yaşar¹,

Şengöz²,

Pehlivanoğlu³

et al. 2011

Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci

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A AB BS S TTR RA AC CT T O Ob b j je ec c t ti i v ve e: : Fol lo wing the an timy co bac te ri al re sis tan ce that has be en emer ging, and struggling the aga inst re sis tan ce has be co me as im por tant as ef fec ti ve tre at ment in tu ber cu lo sis con trol. The drug suscep ti bi lity test (DST) re sults of 229 M.tu ber cu lo sis (MTB) which had be en iso la ted on Lo wens te in-Jen sen (L-J) me di um from va ri o us cli ni cal samp les we re eva lu a ted. M Ma a t te e r ri i a al l a an nd d M Me et t h ho od ds s: : All iso la tes are ori gi nated from112 pul mo nary samp les and 117 ex tra pul mo nary samp les. Af ter de con ta mi na ti on and L-J cul tu re pro ce du res, all iso la tes we re iden ti fi ed as MTB comp lex by using con ven ti o nal bi oc he mi cal tests inc lu ding ni a cin, nit ra te, ca ta la se and ca ta la se tests imp le men ted at 68°C. DST was per for med by E test (AB Bi o disk, Swe e den) met hod for iso ni a zi d (INH), ri fam pi cin (RIF), et ham but hol (EMB) and strep tomy cin (SM) ac cording to ma nu fac tu rer ad vi ces. L-J pro por ti on met hod was per for med for 59 MTB iso la tes in ad di ti on to E test. R Re e s su ul lt ts s: : The ove rall re sis tan ce ra tes of INH and RIF we re 4% and resistance to SM was 2% and of EMB was 1%. The re sis tant iso la tes we re fo und ge ne rally in the iso la tes ori gi na ted from pul mo nary samp les. The re sis tan ce ra tes to INH and RIF we re 7%, to SM 3% and to EMB 2% for pul mo nary; and to INH, RIF and SM we re 1% and to EMB was 0% for ex tra pul mo nary iso la tes, res pec ti vely. INH and RIF re sis tan ce was signi fi cantly hig her in pul mo nary iso la tes (p< 0.05). In 59 MTB iso la tes, ag re e ment bet we en E test and L-J propor ti on was 95% for INH and EMB, 86% for RIF, and 85% for SM. C Co on nc c l lu u s si i o on n: : Ac cor ding to DST re sults, an timy co bac te ri al re sis tan ce ra tes in ex tra pul mo nary MTB iso la tes we re sig ni fi cantly lo wer than pul mo nary iso la tes. E test met hod which is known as a re a so nably fast test in com pa ri son with con ven ti o nal sus cep tibi liy tests may be used as a ra pid di ag nos tic test met hod for DST. Ho we ver, the re is a ne ed for furt her E test stu di es com pa ring stan dard met hods in mo re MTB iso la tes. K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Myco bac te ri um tu ber cu lo sis; tu ber cu lo sis, mul tid rug-re sis tant; tu ber cu lo sis; mic ro bi al sen si ti vity tests Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Or ta ya çık mak ta olan an ti mik ro bi yal di ren cin ar dın dan di ren ce kar şı mü ca de le tü ber kü loz kon tro lün de et ki li te da vi ka dar önem li ha le gel miş tir. Çe şit li kli nik ör nek ler den alı nan, Lo wens te in-Jensen (L-J) be si ye rin de izo le edi len 229 M. tu ber cu lo sis (MTB) 'un du yar lı lık test so nuç la rı de ğer len di ril di. G Ge e --r re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön n t te em m l le er r: : Tüm izo lat la rın 112'si ak ci ğer ör nek le rin den ve 117'si ak ci ğer dı şı ör nek ler den mey da na gel miş tir. Kon ta mi n...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Susceptibility Rates of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary 229 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates to Major Antituberculous Drugs and Comparison of E test and Standard Proportion Methods

Yaşar¹,

Şengöz²,

Pehlivanoğlu³

et al. 2011

Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci

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“…Etest (AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweden) is used for quantitative antibiotic susceptibility testing of numerous microorganisms, including various species of mycobacteria, including M. tuberculosis (1,2,(12)(13)(14)(15)(17)(18)(19)(20). The current recommended Etest procedure for M. tuberculosis is based on Middlebrook 7H11 agar supplemented with oleic acid, albumin, dextrose, and catalase (OADC) (1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study for Determination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Susceptibility to First- and Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs by the Etest Using 7H11, Blood, and Chocolate Agar

et al. 2008

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We investigated the performance of blood and chocolate agar as alternatives to Middlebrook 7H11 agar for testing the susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to first-and second-line drugs by the Etest method. A total of 39 strains of M. tuberculosis including 22 multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains and 17 susceptible strains were tested. In conclusion, our results showed that chocolate agar gave insufficient growth, needing up to 21 days of incubation, while results on blood agar were comparable to those on Middlebrook 7H11 agar and can be further explored as an alternative for Etest-based susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis.Early clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis, identification of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, and appropriate treatment are the most effective strategies to control the spread of MDR tuberculosis (18). Therefore, rapid and efficient methods are needed to accurately diagnose and control this disease efficiently. The CLSI reference method for susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis is the agar proportion method (22) performed with Middlebrook 7H10 to -11 agar. On the other hand, there are semiautomated and automated systems (BACTEC 460 TB and BACTEC MGIT [mycobacterium growth indicator tube] 960; Becton Dickinson Diagnostic Systems, Sparks, MD) for susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis, but they are available only in developed countries. Blood agar is a basic medium widely and routinely used in clinical microbiology laboratories worldwide. In addition, blood agar is suitable for isolation and culture of mycobacteria, including the causative agents of tuberculosis (11).Etest (AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweden) is used for quantitative antibiotic susceptibility testing of numerous microorganisms, including various species of mycobacteria, including M. tuberculosis (1,2,(12)(13)(14)(15)(17)(18)(19)(20). The current recommended Etest procedure for M. tuberculosis is based on Middlebrook 7H11 agar supplemented with oleic acid, albumin, dextrose, and catalase (OADC) (1). In recent years, it has been reported that M. tuberculosis isolates could be grown on blood agar in 1 to 2 weeks (4,10,11,16). In addition, the results of our previous reports have shown that blood agar can be used as an alternative medium for testing M. tuberculosis with isoniazid (IZ), rifampin (RI), streptomycin (SM), and ethambutol (EB) (6-8, 31).In this study, the performance of blood and chocolate agar was compared to that of Middlebrook 7H11 agar with the aim to evaluate them as possible alternatives for susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis clinical isolates against IZ, RI, SM, EB, ofloxacin (OF), ciprofloxacin (CI), levofloxacin (LE), linezolid (LZ), and ethionamide (ET) by Etest.A total of 39 strains of M. tuberculosis and H37Rv (control strain susceptible to all antituberculous drugs) were tested. While 22 MDR M. tuberculosis strains were isolated from sputum of chronic pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Istanbul, Turkey, 17 susceptible strains were isolated from sputum of p...

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Rapid Methods for Testing Inhibitors of Mycobacterial Growth

Evangelopoulos

Bhakta

2010

Methods in Molecular Biology

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Considering the increased concerns with controlling infectious epidemics such as tuberculosis, a global concerted effort (WHO) is now dead-lined to tackle the emergence of extensive drug resistance through identifying a novel line of therapeutics which will on the one hand shorten the course of treatment and on the other is also expected to be effective against the emerging resistant strains. Major problems with the preclinical drug screening against the uniquely slow-growing pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis are either found expensive, time-consuming, or require a highly complex laboratory setup. A rapid and convenient, although relatively inexpensive, method requiring very little consumption of inhibitors within a simple microbiology setup for antimycobacterial screening is thus timely. The spot-culture growth inhibition assay aims to test the biological activity of a number of newly discovered natural products and thousands of novel chemicals synthesized on the basis of basic structural and molecular biology studies. Many different classes of novel chemical entities are now independently prepared around the world by distinguished chemists on the chemical behavior of the group of molecules. To serve the purpose of antimycobacterials screening, we aim to describe a method in this chapter performed in a six-well plate format. This method can also be extended accurately to a 96-well plate format according to the necessity of the project. In addition to evaluating a range of prospective drug candidates, this method would also contribute to elucidate substrates for many putative endogenous pathways through comparing the chemical inhibition with the corresponding genetic modification.

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E-Test: An Alternative Method for Susceptibility Testing of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Susceptibility Rates of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary 229 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates to Major Antituberculous Drugs and Comparison of E test and Standard Proportion Methods

Susceptibility Rates of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary 229 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates to Major Antituberculous Drugs and Comparison of E test and Standard Proportion Methods

Comparative Study for Determination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Susceptibility to First- and Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs by the Etest Using 7H11, Blood, and Chocolate Agar

Rapid Methods for Testing Inhibitors of Mycobacterial Growth

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