Eagle syndrome imaging: a case report

Abstract

The styloid process is a conical bone formation that comes from the base of the skull to the bottom of the mastoid, the stylohyoid ligament connects the tip of the styloid process to the little horn of the hyoid bone. Eagle syndrome is a radio-clinical entity characterized by ossification of the ligament stylohyoid giving a long styloid process exceeding 30 mm in length. This syndrome is characterized by a high variability semiologic. The objective of this work is to recall the clinical presentation of Eagle syndrome in order to evoke the diagnosis and show the radiological aspect of this often misunderstood entity through a clinical case.

Eagle syndrome: A post‐intervention vascular ultrasound case report

“…In the 4-8 of reported cases per 10,000 individuals, there is a female predominance (female vs. male: 3 to 1), to which 4% are symptomatic. 4,5 There have been limited reported cases of Eagle syndrome in younger populations, however, this condition should be considered in the case of ischaemic stroke in a young population in the absence of risk factors. Aetiology includes congenital causes; the persistence of embryonic cartilaginous growth and calcification of the stylohyoid ligation.…”

“…The array of non-specific symptoms leaves a wide range of differential diagnoses open for consideration, such as temporal arteritis, migraines, toothache, mouth infection, tendinosis of the stylohyoid ligament, glossopharyngeal and trigeminal neuralgia, and tumours to name a few. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] The tolerated length of the styloid process varies between patients, however, >3 cm is considered elongated across the literature. 4 Up to now, the computer tomography (CT) remains the gold stan- Treatment of Eagle syndrome is highly individualised.…”

“…The normal styloid process typically measures 2–3 cm in Caucasian populations and 1.5–2 cm in Asian populations. In the 4–8 of reported cases per 10,000 individuals, there is a female predominance (female vs. male: 3 to 1), to which 4% are symptomatic 4,5 . There have been limited reported cases of Eagle syndrome in younger populations, however, this condition should be considered in the case of ischaemic stroke in a young population in the absence of risk factors.…”

“…The third type is vascular compression due to the ossification of stylohyoid ligament. The array of non‐specific symptoms leaves a wide range of differential diagnoses open for consideration, such as temporal arteritis, migraines, toothache, mouth infection, tendinosis of the stylohyoid ligament, glossopharyngeal and trigeminal neuralgia, and tumours to name a few 1–8 . The tolerated length of the styloid process varies between patients, however, >3 cm is considered elongated across the literature 4 …”

Truman W. Brophy: The emblematic innovating surgeon of cleft lip and palate.

“…Moreover, CBCT is free of anatomical projections (8,12,22,38). Certainly, computed tomography is considered as the radiological examination of choice before any surgical decision (46). The multi-slice computed tomography and its three dimensional reconstruction is evidently the most indicated diagnostic method for Eagle's syndrome (10).…”