Ear Tissue Engineering

Mota, Carlos; Danti, Serena

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-64046-8.00461-4

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…The ear is a sensory organ used for auditory perception [1]. The ear consists of three sequential parts: outer (auricle or pinna) for collection, middle for transmission and inner for transfer of sound waves from mechanical to an electrical signal [1]. The auricle is composed of elastic cartilage which is essential for the skeletal framework [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ear consists of three sequential parts: outer (auricle or pinna) for collection, middle for transmission and inner for transfer of sound waves from mechanical to an electrical signal [1]. The auricle is composed of elastic cartilage which is essential for the skeletal framework [1]. Pinna cartilage provides shape, structural support, and shock absorption [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…External ear deformities may not be always associated with the severe functional loss but the psychological impacts can retain long term [4]. Other than microtia patients with polychondritis and trauma are found with a decrease in capacity of hearing [1,4]. The current methods involving autologous costal cartilage to create a framework of the pinna [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D printing of human ear pinna using cartilage specific ink

Bhamare

Tardalkar

Parulekar³

et al. 2021

Biomed. Mater.

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Biofabrication of a complex structure such as ear pinna is not precise with currently available techniques. Auricular deformities (e.g. microtia) can cause physical, social as well as psychological impacts on a patient’s wellbeing. Currently available surgical techniques and transplantation methods have many limitations that can be overcome with the help of 3D bioprinting technology. Printable bioink enriched with cartilage-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis was done by digesting goat ear pinna cartilage and polymerized by adding polyvinyl alcohol and gelatine. Rheological analysis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were used for the characterization of bioink to get desired viscosity and polymerization. Human ear pinna was printed using extrusion method and computer-aided design, stereolithography software which facilitated the automated printing in relatively less time without continuous monitoring. Thermal degradation of pinna was checked by thermal gravimetric analysis. Biodegradability and swelling of ear pinna were observed for understanding the nature of pinna and the impact of external factors. Reconstructed pinna’s biocompatibility was proved by in ovo and in vivo studies. The occurrence of angiogenesis in the grafted ear manifested the capacity of proliferation and engraftment of cartilage cells. Histology and SEM analysis revealed the recellularization and the synthesis of ECM components such as glycosaminoglycan and collagen in transplanted 3D printed ear pinna. The expression of CD90+ which indicated newly synthesized cartilage in the transplanted 3D printed ear pinna. The absence expression of CD14+ also indicated acceptance of xenogenic transplanted 3D printed ear pinna. Transplantation of 3D ear pinna was successful in an animal model and can be utilized as tissue engineered ear bank.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D printing of human ear pinna using cartilage specific ink

Bhamare

Tardalkar

Parulekar³

et al. 2021

Biomed. Mater.

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“…Ear and nose are easily contaminated and stressed by bacteria, for example in cases of recurrent otitis and rhinitis. Many types of prosthetic devices are available to repair ear and nose damaged tissues; however, the two most common end-fates for synthetic and biological materials in such infected sites are extrusion and resorption, respectively, which are both driven by inflammatory processes [21,22]. Overall, new approaches to reduce bacterial contamination of surfaces would enable better-performing biomedical devices to treat skin damage and prevent post-surgical complications in many medical areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradable Polymeric Micro/Nano-Structures with Intrinsic Antifouling/Antimicrobial Properties: Relevance in Damaged Skin and Other Biomedical Applications

Milazzo

Gallone

Marcello

et al. 2020

JFB

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Bacterial colonization of implanted biomedical devices is the main cause of healthcare-associated infections, estimated to be 8.8 million per year in Europe. Many infections originate from damaged skin, which lets microorganisms exploit injuries and surgical accesses as passageways to reach the implant site and inner organs. Therefore, an effective treatment of skin damage is highly desirable for the success of many biomaterial-related surgical procedures. Due to gained resistance to antibiotics, new antibacterial treatments are becoming vital to control nosocomial infections arising as surgical and post-surgical complications. Surface coatings can avoid biofouling and bacterial colonization thanks to biomaterial inherent properties (e.g., super hydrophobicity), specifically without using drugs, which may cause bacterial resistance. The focus of this review is to highlight the emerging role of degradable polymeric micro- and nano-structures that show intrinsic antifouling and antimicrobial properties, with a special outlook towards biomedical applications dealing with skin and skin damage. The intrinsic properties owned by the biomaterials encompass three main categories: (1) physical–mechanical, (2) chemical, and (3) electrostatic. Clinical relevance in ear prostheses and breast implants is reported. Collecting and discussing the updated outcomes in this field would help the development of better performing biomaterial-based antimicrobial strategies, which are useful to prevent infections.

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