Early Adverse Experiences in Schizophrenia and Unipolar Depression

Rubino, I. Alex; Nanni, Roberta Croce; Pozzi, Daniela M.; Siracusano, Alberto

doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e3181925342

Cited by 59 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Although the studies assessed in this systematic review showed controversial evidence regarding the subtype of early life stress associated with anxiety disorders and mood disorders, Holowka, King, Saheb, Pukall, and Brunet (2003) and Rubino, Nanni, Pozzi, and Siracusano (2009) demonstrated consistent findings about the important role of emotional abuse in the etiology of schizophrenia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the occurrence of early life stress in adult psychiatric patients: A systematic review.

Martins

Tofoli

Baes

et al. 2011

Psychology & Neuroscience

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The purpose of the paper was to conduct a systematic review of early life stress and its association with psychiatric disorders in adulthood. The occurrence of early stress has lasting negative consequences on the individual, with psychopathology onset one of the most important consequences. The degree of early life stress is associated with the severity of psychiatric disorders and disability in adulthood. Methodology: We conducted a search of two databases (PubMed and SciELO), limited to the time span 1990-2010, using the following keywords: child abuse, maltreatment, early stress, and psychiatric disorders. Thirty-one papers were selected for this review. Results: We found that the subtypes of early life stress such as emotional and physical neglect and sexual, emotional, and physical abuse have associations with several psychiatric disorders, but the Borderline Personality Disorder and Mood Disorders are more associated with the categories listed. Conclusions: Exposure to adversities in childhood and adolescence is predictive of psychiatric disorders in adulthood. More studies are needed to understand the mechanisms by which early life stress is a risk factor for future psychopathology.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the occurrence of early life stress in adult psychiatric patients: A systematic review.

Martins

Tofoli

Baes

et al. 2011

Psychology & Neuroscience

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“…This may vary with the 'dose' or intensity of experience, with different amounts of adversity cumulatively increasing the risk or predicting the onset of severe disorders (Rubino et al, 2009;Sugaya et al, 2012;Mueser et al, 2002). It may also vary with the definition of severe disorder: while increasing amounts of various adversities increase the risk in different disorders Read and Bentall, 2010), no dose effect was found for first-presentation psychosis patients (Fisher et al, 2010;Sideli et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Comparisons of diagnostic groups and type of maltreatment show more or less specific associations: focusing on the study of one diagnostic group may suggest a specific impact, for example, of early sexual abuse and BPD (e.g., Wingenfeld et al, 2010) or punishment and psychosis (Fisher et al, 2010), while comparisons of types of adversities and diagnostic groups suggest less specificity Rubino et al, 2009;Matheson et al, 2012;Anda et al, 2002;McLaughlin et al, 2010a,b). This may vary with the 'dose' or intensity of experience, with different amounts of adversity cumulatively increasing the risk or predicting the onset of severe disorders (Rubino et al, 2009;Sugaya et al, 2012;Mueser et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Maltreatment at different ages during childhood affects development of different brain regions, suggesting sensitive periods of brain (Andersen, 2003;Andersen andTeicher, 2008, 2009; and neuroendocrine systems development (Weiss et al, 1999;Paus et al, 2008;Kaufman and Charney, 2001;Heim et al, 1997;Wingenfeld et al, 2010). Effects on risk, onset, severity or chronicity of disorder have been reported for different types of adversity, including trauma, interpersonal trauma, parental loss/neglect or verbal aggression (e.g., Kessler et al, 1997;Rubino et al, 2009;Teicher et al, 2004Teicher et al, , 2006De Marco, 2000;Widom et al, 2007;Angst et al, 2011;Crawford et al, 2009) or physical abuse (Sugaya et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Childhood adversities in relation to psychiatric disorders

Pietrek¹,

Elbert²,

Weierstall³

et al. 2013

Psychiatry Research

123

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Substantial evidence has documented that adverse childhood experiences exert deleterious effects on mental health. It is less clear to what extent specific maltreatment during specific developmental periods may vary between disorders rather than increasing vulnerability for any particular disorder. The present comparison of characteristics of childhood adversity (type and frequency of adversity, developmental period) between major depressive disorder (MDD), borderline personality disorder (BPD), schizophrenia, and psychiatrically healthy subjects examined how effects of adverse childhood experiences vary between disorders. Patients generally reported more adverse events than healthy subjects. Irrespective of diagnosis, emotional maltreatment was substantial in all patients. BPD was characterized by marked increase of adversities across age relative to MDD and schizophrenia. Fifty-six percent of BPD, 40% of MDD and 18% of schizophrenia cases experienced a significant degree of early childhood adversity. Stress pattern (type and time) varied between diagnoses, but not for patients with significant early adversities. Regression analyses confirmed early experiences as a predictor of BPD, but not of MDD and schizophrenia. Prepubescent experiences predicted affective and traumatic symptoms in BPD, and moderated the association with symptoms in MDD. Results indicate a dose-effect with differential impact of adverse childhood experiences in BPD, MDD, and schizophrenia, while early maltreatment beyond a certain degree affects mental health independent of diagnosis.

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“…Abuse, neglect, and separation from either one or both parents during childhood have been shown to be associated with a greater risk of mental health disorders (Afifi et al, 2006(Afifi et al, , 2009Danese et al, 2009;Green et al, 2010;Hjern et al, 2002;Johnson et al, 1999Johnson et al, , 2006M€ akikyr€ o et al, 1998;Morgan et al, 2007;Pesonen et al, 2007;Rubino et al, 2009;Rusby and Tasker, 2009;Sharon et al, 2009;Thompson et al, 2008;Tieman et al, 2005;Veijola et al, 2004Veijola et al, , 2008Widom, 1999;Widom et al, 2007Widom et al, , 2009. Also parental separation during childhood has been shown to have detrimental psychological long-term consequences (Birtchnell and Kennard, 1984;Breier et al, 1988;Foster et al, 2003;Kendler et al, 1992Kendler et al, , 2002Pesonen et al, 2007;Tennant et al, 1982).…”

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confidence: 95%