Early-age heat exposure affects skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation and differentiation in chicks

Halevy, Orna; Krispin, Alon; Leshem, Yael; McMurtry, John P.; Yahav, S.

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.2001.281.1.r302

Cited by 126 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Stored Trig are broken down into non-esterified fatty acids, which then can be processed by the liver and other tissues for energy supply through synthesis of adenosine triphosphate. Also, glucocorticoids inhibit the synthesis of Trig from non-esterified fatty acids (Halevy et al 2001). In the present study, the thermal treatment during late embryonic development had a numerical effect on the serum level of Cort at hatch, while the level of Cort was significantly higher in the TCH group as compared to the control.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

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Effects of thermal manipulation during late incubation period on post-hatch thermotolerance in ostrich

Elsayed¹

2016

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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ABSTRACT:The effects of thermal manipulation (TM) during late ostrich embryonic development on hatchability, body weight, biochemical and hormonal changes, and the ability of hatching chicks to cope with thermal challenge in days 6-8 of age were examined. At 35 days of incubation, two hundred fertile eggs were weighed and divided into two equal groups with five replicates. The first group was exposed to 36.5°C and 25% relative humidity (RH) (control), while the second group was exposed to 38.5°C and 45% RH for 3 h daily in days 35-37 of incubation (thermal manipulation). At days 6-8 of age, the hatched chicks from each treatment were randomly divided into two groups: control group (exposed to 32 ± 1°C), and thermal challenge group (exposed to 40 ± 1°C for 3 h daily). Hatchability rate was significantly lower with high incubation temperature as compared to the normal incubation temperatures. Embryonic TM and thermal challenge in days 6-8 of age reduced significantly total protein, albumin, and triiodothyronin concentrations and elevated uric acid, creatinine, triglycerides, and glucose concentrations as compared with the control. The level of corticosterone was significantly higher in the thermal challenge group as compared to the control. In conclusion, exposing the ostrich embryos to TM (38.5°C) during late embryonic development induced physiological changes that may represent epigenetic adaptation to TM. The same mechanisms are employed for increasing the ability to improve thermotolerance post-hatch.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

“…Finally, Cort is the most common glucocorticoid in birds and its role, under heat stress conditions, is well known (Halevy et al 2001). Glucocorticoids released during stress mobilize lipids from adipose tissue, which supports gluconeogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of thermal manipulation during late incubation period on post-hatch thermotolerance in ostrich

Elsayed¹

2016

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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“…For instance, hot/cold irritants could produce thermal variations which may affect the tissue differentiation process. For example, a number of studies have reported that heat stresses can influence cell proliferation [21,36]. The present model does not consider such effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue differentiation and bone regeneration in an osteotomized mandible: a computational analysis of the latency period

Boccaccio

Prendergast

Pappalettere

et al. 2007

Med Biol Eng Comput

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Mandibular symphyseal distraction osteogenesis is a common clinical procedure to modify the geometrical shape of the mandible for correcting problems of dental overcrowding and arch shrinkage. In spite of consolidated clinical use, questions remain concerning the optimal latency period and the influence of mastication loading on osteogenesis within the callus prior to the first distraction of the mandible. This work utilized a mechano-regulation model to assess bone regeneration within the callus of an osteotomized mandible. A 3D model of the mandible was reconstructed from CT scan data and meshed using poroelastic finite elements. The stimulus regulating tissue differentiation within the callus was hypothesized to be a function of the strain and fluid flow computed by the finite element model. This model was then used to analyse tissue differentiation during a fifteen day latency period, defined as the time between the day of the osteotomy and the day when the first distraction is given to the device. The following predictions are made: (i) the mastication forces generated during the latency period support osteogenesis in certain regions of the callus, and that during the latency period the percentage of progenitor cells differentiating into osteoblasts increases; (ii) reducing the mastication load by 70% during the latency period increases the number of progenitor cells differentiating into osteoblasts; (iii) the stiffness of new tissue increases at a slower rate on the side of bone callus next to the occlusion of the mandibular ramus which could cause asymmetries in the bone tissue formation with respect to the middle sagittal plane. Although the model predicts that the mastication loading generates such asymmetries, their effects on the spatial distribution of callus mechanical properties are insignificant for typical latency periods used clinically. It is also predicted that a latency period of longer than a week will increase the risk of premature bone union across the callus.

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“…A significant reduction of mortality rate has been measured on a large number of broilers at the production level [9]. This difficulty of accurately measuring mortality has led researchers to develop alternative markers of the efficacy of TC such as growth stimulation [13,25,27], variations in circulating T3 level [3,[26][27][28] and body temperature [8,9,16,26,28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does early thermal conditioning sometimes fail to improve the resistance of broilers to heat stress?

et al. 2002

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-Early age thermal conditioning (TC) by exposing young chicks to 40o C for 24 hours reduces body temperature (Tb) and improves long-term broiler resistance to heat stress. Three experiments were performed under semi-controlled tropical environmental conditions to evaluate the factors affecting TC efficacy. The addition of infrared bulbs during TC reduced growth and increased water intake compared to gas heaters at similar ambient temperatures (Ta). TC consistently reduced the Tb of chickens at 7 and 40 days of age independently of the heat source (-0.22 o C on average). During heat stress after 40 days of age, significant reduction in mortality was observed in the TC chickens when only gas heaters were used in the second experiment. The use of infrared bulbs during the first week of age never resulted in reduced mortality. The third experiment demonstrated late acclimatization when chickens were exposed to natural climatic conditions (Ta varying daily from 26 to 36 o C) compared to maximal Ta limited to 31 o C by air-conditioning from 30 to 40 days of age. Chickens exposed to natural climatic conditions had lower Tb (-0.16 o C) and resisted heat stress at 38 ± 2 o C at 41 days of age, although 12.6% of the air-conditioned chickens died. The TC effects were maintained on Tb in late acclimatized chickens but no differences in mortality due to TC occurred during heat stress. Inconsistencies between TC experiments arise from an imprecise definition of TC and heat stress conditions, and from the environmental conditions perceived by chickens after TC, which can induce late acclimatization. Persistent reductions in Tb after TC have been consistently measured but these might not be directly responsible for resistance to heat stress. Conversely, of the 525 heat stressed chickens studied during the 3 experiments, 64% of those who had a Tb lower than 40.8 o C at 4 days of age (prior to TC exposure) survived heat stress although only 47% of the chicks having a Tb higher than 40.8 o C at 4 days did. Further research is warranted on the Tb of newly hatched chicks. Résumé -L'acclimatation précoce échoue-t-elle parfois à renforcer la résistance des poulets de chair à un stress thermique chaud ? L'acclimatation précoce (TC) qui consiste à exposer des jeunes poussins à 40 o C pendant 24 heures, fait baisser la température corporelle (Tb) et améliore durablement la résistance des poulets de chair à un coup de chaleur. Trois expériences conduites dans un environnement tropical semi-contrôlé évaluent des facteurs de variation de l'efficacité de TC. Par rapport à une source unique de chaleur au gaz pendant TC, l'adjonction d'ampoules infra rouges a diminué la croissance et augmenté la consommation pour une même température ambiante (Ta). Quelle que soit la source de chaleur, Tb mesurée à 7 et 40 jours d'âge, était toujours diminuée par TC (-0,22 o C en moyenne). TC n'a réduit la mortalité pendant un stress thermique après l'âge de 40 jours que lorsqu'il était appliqué avec des éleveuses à gaz au cours de la seconde expérien...

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Early-age heat exposure affects skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation and differentiation in chicks

Cited by 126 publications

References 51 publications

Effects of thermal manipulation during late incubation period on post-hatch thermotolerance in ostrich

Effects of thermal manipulation during late incubation period on post-hatch thermotolerance in ostrich

Tissue differentiation and bone regeneration in an osteotomized mandible: a computational analysis of the latency period

Does early thermal conditioning sometimes fail to improve the resistance of broilers to heat stress?

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