Early Age of First Sex and Health Risk in an Urban Adolescent Population

Kaplan, Deborah; Jones, E. G.; Olson, E. Carolyn; Yunzal-Butler, Cristina

doi:10.1111/josh.12038

Cited by 86 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…13,14 According to the South African household survey on HIV prevalence, incidence, and behavior report released by Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) of 2012, increasing number of adolescents initiate sexual activities early, with multiple partners, and inconsistently use condoms. 1,2,15 In 2012, it was estimated that 67.5% of young men aged between 15 and 24 years reported using condoms at their last sexual encounter, down from 85.2% in 2008. Condom use among men aged 25 to 49 years also fell from 44.1% to 36.1% over the same period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV risk perception and consistency in condom use among adolescents and young adults in urban Cape Town, South Africa: a cumulative risk analysis

Muchiri

Odimegwu

Wet

2017

Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Background:The relationship between HIV risk perception and consistency in the use of condoms is scarcely understood in the context of a high HIV prevalence among adolescents and young adults in urban South Africa. Methods: Using data from Cape Area Panel Study (CAPS), gender-stratified analyses were conducted to determine relationship between risk perception and condom use among 14-22 year olds (n = 4 853) in urban Cape Town. Using discriminant function analyses, ecological determinants of consistency in condom use were determined and a cumulative risk approach examined. Results: A total of 1 598 sexually active youths, of mean age 17.7 years, with 785 (49%) of males and 813 (51%) females were identified for analyses. At baseline, 87% of males and 90% of females assessed themselves to be at no or low risk of HIV infection. At follow-up, 61% of males reporting low or no risk were consistently using condoms compared to 67% reporting some risk of HIV infection. In females, 47% reporting low or no risk consistently used condoms compared to 49% of those reporting to be at some risk. Conclusions: Perceived risk for HIV infection had no significant impact on consistency in using condoms for both males and females. Further, findings suggests that the effect of ecological risk factors was cumulative. Therefore, interventions aimed at the three levels ecology may be more effective in improving consistency as risk factors possess a cumulative effect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV risk perception and consistency in condom use among adolescents and young adults in urban Cape Town, South Africa: a cumulative risk analysis

Muchiri

Odimegwu

Wet

2017

Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…For example, initiation of substance use in adolescence has been associated with an increased likelihood of injuries, violence, substance dependence, mental health problems, and chronic diseases and conditions later in life (7–9). Earlier sexual debut is associated with an increased risk of later sexual risk-behaviors, inconsistent contraceptive use, sexually transmitted infections, unintended pregnancy, as well as experiencing and perpetrating intimate partner violence (10–12). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in Relations among Perceived Family Characteristics and Risky Health Behaviors in Urban Adolescents

et al. 2016

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Background Research regarding the role of gender in relations between family characteristics and health risk behaviors has been limited. Purpose To investigate gender differences in associations between family processes and risk-taking in adolescents. Methods Adolescents (N = 249; mean age = 14.5 years) starting their first year at an urban high school in the northeastern U.S. completed self-report measures that assessed family characteristics (i.e., parental monitoring, family social support, family conflict) and health behaviors (i.e., tobacco use, alcohol use, marijuana use, sex initiation) as part of a prospective, community-based study. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to investigate gender differences in associations between the family characteristics and health behaviors. Results Among males, higher levels of perceived parental monitoring were associated with lower odds of using tobacco and having ever engaged in sex. Among females, higher levels of perceived parental monitoring were associated with lower odds of marijuana use, alcohol use, and having ever engaged in sex. However, in contrast to males, among females (a) higher levels of perceived family social support were associated with lower odds of alcohol use and having ever engaged in sex and (b) higher levels of perceived family conflict were associated with higher odds of marijuana use and having ever engaged in sex. Conclusion Family processes were more strongly related to health behaviors among adolescent females than adolescent males. Interventions that increase parental monitoring and family social support as well as decrease family conflict may help to protect against adolescent risk-taking, especially for females.

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“…Sexual debut before age 15 is associated with multiple unintended pregnancies (Magnusson, Masho, & Lapane, 2011) and inconsistent contraceptive use (Magnusson, Masho, & Lapane, 2012). Among adolescents who reported early sexual debut, higher proportions of respondents reported two or more sex partners in the past three months, using alcohol/drugs at last sexual intercourse, not using condom at last sexual intercourse, to ever be pregnant or cause pregnancy, to ever be forced to have sex and to be involved in physical intimate partner violence in the past year (Kaplan, Jones, Olson, & Yunzal-Butler, 2013). Among men who have sex with men, sexual debut before age 16 was associated with exchanging sex for drugs or money, marijuana use, emotional and psychological problems associated with substance use, and suicide attempts (Outlaw et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and sexual orientation disparities in adverse childhood experiences and early age at sexual debut in the United States: Results from a nationally representative sample

Brown

Masho

Perera

et al. 2015

Child Abuse & Neglect

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Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked to early sexual debut, which has been found to be associated with multiple adverse health outcomes. Sexual minorities and men tend to have earlier sexual debut compared to heterosexual populations and women, respectively. However, studies examining the association between ACEs and early sexual debut among men and sexual minorities are lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the sex and sexual orientation disparities in the association between ACEs and age at sexual debut. Data were obtained from Wave 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Logistic and linear regression model were used to obtain crude and adjusted estimates and 95% confidence intervals adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, income, education, insurance and marital status for the association between ACEs (neglect, physical/psychological abuse, sexual abuse, parental violence, and parental incarceration and psychopathology) and early sexual debut. Analyses were stratified by sex and sexual orientation. Larger effect estimates depicting the association between ACEs and sexual debut were seen for women compared to men, and among sexual minorities, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) and women who have sex with women (WSW), compared to heterosexuals. Sexual health education programs with a focus on delaying sexual debut among children and adolescents should also consider addressing ACEs, such as neglect, physical, psychological and sexual abuse, witnessing parental violence, and parental incarceration and psychopathology. Public health practitioners, researchers and sexual health education curriculum coordinators should consider these differences by sex and sexual orientation when designing these programs.

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Early Age of First Sex and Health Risk in an Urban Adolescent Population

Abstract: The high prevalence of early sex, coupled with its associated high-risk behaviors and outcomes, underscores the necessity of implementing evidence-based interventions that have been found to positively impact these behaviors beginning in middle school.

Cited by 86 publications

References 34 publications

HIV risk perception and consistency in condom use among adolescents and young adults in urban Cape Town, South Africa: a cumulative risk analysis

HIV risk perception and consistency in condom use among adolescents and young adults in urban Cape Town, South Africa: a cumulative risk analysis

Gender Differences in Relations among Perceived Family Characteristics and Risky Health Behaviors in Urban Adolescents

Sex and sexual orientation disparities in adverse childhood experiences and early age at sexual debut in the United States: Results from a nationally representative sample

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