Early and Concurrent Features of ADHD and Sensory Over-Responsivity Symptom Clusters

Ben‐Sasson, Ayelet; Soto, Timothy; Heberle, Amy; Carter, Alice S.; Briggs‐Gowan, Margaret J.

doi:10.1177/1087054714543495

Cited by 40 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…18 However, there is increasing interest in the study of individual differences in sensory perception and the contribution of such variations in perception to the emergence of psychiatric symptoms more generally (eg, in ADHD, anorexia nervosa). [19][20][21] Thus, our finding of enhanced sensory sensitivity in individuals with SE in the absence of an autism spectrum disorder is notable. The manner in which sensory sensitivities relate to psychiatric symptoms is unknown; however, 1 hypothesis is that psychiatric symptoms are reactions to these intense perceptual and experiential experiences (eg, anxiety in reaction to loud noises) or, alternatively, attempts to regulate the intensity of these experiences (eg, food selectivity or a generalized need for sameness as attempts to limit sensory intensity).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Psychological and Psychosocial Impairment in Preschoolers With Selective Eating

et al. 2015

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OBJECTIVE: We examined the clinical significance of moderate and severe selective eating (SE).Two levels of SE were examined in relation to concurrent psychiatric symptoms and as a risk factor for the emergence of later psychiatric symptoms. Findings are intended to guide health care providers to recognize when SE is a problem worthy of intervention.METHODS: A population cohort sample of 917 children aged 24 to 71 months and designated caregivers were recruited via primary care practices at a major medical center in the Southeast as part of an epidemiologic study of preschool anxiety. Caregivers were administered structured diagnostic interviews (the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment) regarding the child's eating and related selfregulatory capacities, psychiatric symptoms, functioning, and home environment variables. A subset of 188 dyads were assessed a second time ∼24.7 months from the initial assessment.RESULTS: Both moderate and severe levels of SE were associated with psychopathological symptoms (anxiety, depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) both concurrently and prospectively. However, the severity of psychopathological symptoms worsened as SE became more severe. Impairment in family functioning was reported at both levels of SE, as was sensory sensitivity in domains outside of food and the experience of food aversion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Psychological and Psychosocial Impairment in Preschoolers With Selective Eating

et al. 2015

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show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Psychological and Psychosocial Impairment in Preschoolers With Selective Eating

2015

PEDIATRICS

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We examined the clinical significance of moderate and severe selective eating (SE). Two levels of SE were examined in relation to concurrent psychiatric symptoms and as a risk factor for the emergence of later psychiatric symptoms. Findings are intended to guide health care providers to recognize when SE is a problem worthy of intervention. METHODS: A population cohort sample of 917 children aged 24 to 71 months and designated caregivers were recruited via primary care practices at a major medical center in the Southeast as part of an epidemiologic study of preschool anxiety. Caregivers were administered structured diagnostic interviews (the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment) regarding the child's eating and related selfregulatory capacities, psychiatric symptoms, functioning, and home environment variables. A subset of 188 dyads were assessed a second time ∼24.7 months from the initial assessment. RESULTS: Both moderate and severe levels of SE were associated with psychopathological symptoms (anxiety, depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) both concurrently and prospectively. However, the severity of psychopathological symptoms worsened as SE became more severe. Impairment in family functioning was reported at both levels of SE, as was sensory sensitivity in domains outside of food and the experience of food aversion. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that health care providers should intervene at even moderate levels of SE. SE associated with impairment in function should now be diagnosed as avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, an eating disorder that encapsulates maladaptive food restriction, which is new to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Selective eating is a common, burdensome eating pattern in young children. A significant subset remain selective eaters at least until adolescence and, for some, adulthood. The question is whether selective eating is a serious enough developmental pattern to warrant intervention. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: This study examines whether selective eating, at 2 levels of severity, is associated with current and future psychological problems. Because moderate levels of selective eating were associated with impairment, selective eating falls within the diagnosis of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder.

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“…Although sensory processing disorders has been reported to affect up to 16% of children ( 1 ), the implications and impact of sensory dysregulation is much more significant. This is because sensory dysregulation is also prevalent in children with other medical diagnosis, for instance those with ASD, fragile X syndrome, seizure disorders, obsessive–compulsive disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or those who are premature ( 3 , 12 – 17 ). In ASD alone, recent estimates suggest a prevalence of up to 96% of autistic children who have abnormal sensory responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Community-Based Sensory Training Program Leads to Improved Experience at a Local Zoo for Children with Sensory Challenges

Kong

Pritchard²,

Dean³

et al. 2017

Front. Pediatr.

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Sensory processing difficulties are common among many special needs children, especially those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The sensory sensitivities often result in interference of daily functioning and can lead to social isolation for both the individual and family unit. A quality improvement (QI) project was undertaken within a local zoo to systematically implement a sensory training program targeted at helping special needs individuals with sensory challenges, including those with ASD, Down’s syndrome, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and speech delay. We piloted the program over a 2-year period. The program consisted of staff training, provision of sensory bags and specific social stories, as well as creation of quiet zones. Two hundred family units were surveyed before and after implementation of the sensory training program. In this pilot QI study, families reported increased visitation to the zoo, improved interactions with staff members, and the overall quality of their experience. In conclusion, we are able to demonstrate that a sensory training program within the community zoo is feasible, impactful, and has the potential to decrease social isolation for special needs individuals and their families.

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Early and Concurrent Features of ADHD and Sensory Over-Responsivity Symptom Clusters

Cited by 40 publications

References 42 publications

Psychological and Psychosocial Impairment in Preschoolers With Selective Eating

Psychological and Psychosocial Impairment in Preschoolers With Selective Eating

Psychological and Psychosocial Impairment in Preschoolers With Selective Eating

A Community-Based Sensory Training Program Leads to Improved Experience at a Local Zoo for Children with Sensory Challenges

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