Early and Mid-Cretaceous Buildups

Höfling, Richard; Scott, Robert W.

doi:10.2110/pec.02.72.0521

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…The sequence studied at Benicàssim appears mainly to consist of fore‐reef facies due to the following: presence of platy microsolenid corals typical of low light reefal environments in the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous (see Rey, 1979; Insalaco, 1996; Leinfelder et al. , 1996; Höfling & Scott, 2002), presence of thin coralline and peyssonneliacean algal crusts, absence of shelf lagoon and of very shallow water biota, presence of a predominantly fine‐grained wackestone–packstone reef matrix, and the stratigraphic relationship with the underlying relatively deep water Forcall basinal marls.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stromatolite reef crusts, Early Cretaceous, Spain: bacterial origin of in situ‐precipitated peloid microspar?

Riding

Tomás

2005

Sedimentology

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Peloidal crusts are significant components of Early Cretaceous (Aptian) reef carbonates in eastern Spain. The crusts form steep-sided laminated deposits on coral and other skeletal surfaces. Their microfabric consists almost entirely of silt-sized peloids in fenestral microspar matrix. This microfabric contrasts with more poorly sorted and generally finer grained detrital wackestonepackstone fabrics of the adjacent reef matrix. Scarcity of incorporated grains indicates that the crusts did not trap many particles. It is proposed that the crusts are stromatolites and that peloids and inter-peloid space were created concurrently by bacterial degradation of organic matter. As they developed, inter-peloid voids were protected from infiltration of extraneous sediment by the organic-rich exterior surface of the stromatolite. Even spacing of the peloids within microspar may reflect self-organization of bacterial colonies in the decaying organic matrix. Compressed and partly amalgamated peloids marginal to burrows in the stromatolites suggest that the peloid fabrics were initially only partially lithified. The grainstone-like peloid fabric is therefore interpreted as having formed in situ by very early diagenetic processes driven by heterotrophic bacteria.

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stromatolite reef crusts, Early Cretaceous, Spain: bacterial origin of in situ‐precipitated peloid microspar?

Riding

Tomás

2005

Sedimentology

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“…[3] Of special interest is the observation that the Helvetic platform succession does not only document the influence of regional environmental change such as relative sea level fluctuations, variations in ambient sea surface water temperature, and the type and intensity of detrital influx, but also the impact of global paleoceanographic and paleoenvironmental change, such as modifications in the carbon and phosphorus cycles in association with global oceanic anoxic events [Föllmi et al, 1994;Weissert et al, 1998;Wissler et al, 2003;van de Schootbrugge et al, 2003;Bodin et al, 2006a]. One important indicator of the paleoceanographic influence on the evolution of this carbonate platform system is the near coincidence in timing of the phases of platform demise with episodes of major paleoceanographic change during the Valanginian, Hauterivian, Aptian, and Albian [Schlanger and Jenkyns, 1976;Arthur and Schlanger, 1979;Jenkyns, 1980;Weissert et al, 1979;Weissert, 1981;Schlager, 1981;Hallock and Schlager, 1986;Erbacher et al, 2001;Leckie et al, 2002;Höfling and Scott, 2002;Erba et al, 2004].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between environmental change and shallow water carbonate buildup along the northern Tethyan margin and their impact on the Early Cretaceous carbon isotope record

et al. 2006

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[1] The evolution of the Early Cretaceous, northern Tethyan carbonate platform was not only influenced by changes in sea level, detrital influx, and surface water temperature but also by changes in trophic levels. We distinguish between phases of carbonate production dominated by oligotrophic photozoan communities and by mesotrophic and eventually colder-water heterozoan communities. Superimposed on this bimodal trend in platform evolution were phases of platform demise for which we provide improved age control based on ammonite biostratigraphy. The initial phase of these episodes of platform demise corresponds in time to episodes of oceanic anoxic events and environmental change in general. On the basis of a comparison between the temporal changes in an Early Cretaceous, ammonite-calibrated d 13C record from southeastern France and coeval changes in the platform record, we suggest that the history of carbon fractionation along the northern Tethyan margin was not only influenced by changes in the oceanic carbon cycle such as in the rate of production and preservation of organic and carbonate carbon and in the size of the oceanic dissolved inorganic carbon reservoir, but it was also influenced by the above-mentioned changes in the ecology and geometry of the adjacent carbonate platform. Phases of photozoan carbonate production induced positive trends in the hemipelagic carbonate d

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“…Scleractinian coral reefs have a long history extending back to the Middle Triassic (242-247 million years ago) (Martindale et al, 2019). Specifically, there are numerous records of reefs in the paleo-GoM, including microbial reefs from the Upper Jurassic (164-153 Ma) (Mancini and Parcell, 2001), coral and rudist bivalve reefs from the Cretaceous (145-90 Ma) (e.g., Enos, 1974;Scott, 1984;Höfling and Scott, 2002;Hattori et al, 2019), sponge and coral reefs from the Paleocene (66 to 59 Ma) (Bryan, 1991), as well as the drowned and living reef banks that initiated during the last deglacial period (∼14,500 years ago) (Khanna et al, 2017).…”

Section: Contextualizing Anthropogenic Changes With Hot-house Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of Reef Ecosystems in the Gulf of Mexico: Insights From Coupled Climate Model Simulations and Ancient Hot-House Reefs

et al. 2019

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Shallow water coral reefs and deep sea coral communities are sensitive to current and future environmental stresses, such as changes in sea surface temperatures (SST), salinity, carbonate chemistry, and acidity. Over the last half-century, some reef communities have been disappearing at an alarming pace. This study focuses on the Gulf of Mexico, where the majority of shallow coral reefs are reported to be in poor or fair condition. We analyze the RCP8.5 ensemble of the Community Earth System Model v1.2 to identify monthly-to-decadal trends in Gulf of Mexico SST. Secondly, we examine projected changes in ocean pH, carbonate saturation state, and salinity in the same coupled model simulations. We find that the joint impacts of predicted higher temperatures and changes in ocean acidification will severely degrade Gulf of Mexico reef systems by the end of the twenty-first century. SSTs are likely to warm by 2.5-3 • C; while corals do show signs of an ability to adapt toward higher temperatures, current coral species and reef systems are likely to suffer major bleaching events in coming years. We contextualize future changes with ancient reefs from paleoclimate analogs, periods of Earth's past that were also exceptionally warm, specifically rapid "hyperthermal" events. Ancient analog events are often associated with extinctions, reef collapse, and significant ecological changes, yet reef communities managed to survive these events on evolutionary timescales. Finally, we review research which discusses the adaptive potential of the Gulf of Mexico's coral reefs, meccas of biodiversity and oceanic health. We assert that the only guaranteed solution for long-term conservation and recovery is substantial, rapid reduction of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions.

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Early and Mid-Cretaceous Buildups

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Stromatolite reef crusts, Early Cretaceous, Spain: bacterial origin of in situ‐precipitated peloid microspar?

Stromatolite reef crusts, Early Cretaceous, Spain: bacterial origin of in situ‐precipitated peloid microspar?

Interactions between environmental change and shallow water carbonate buildup along the northern Tethyan margin and their impact on the Early Cretaceous carbon isotope record

The Future of Reef Ecosystems in the Gulf of Mexico: Insights From Coupled Climate Model Simulations and Ancient Hot-House Reefs

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