Early auditory deprivation and sensory compensation.

MacDougall, James C.; Rabinovitch, M. Sam

doi:10.1037/h0031382

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The classical notion of sensory compensation (e.g, Hartmann, 1933;Hayes, 1933Hayes, , 1934James, 1918;Jordan, 1961;Myklebust, 1964;Warren, 1978) states that a loss in one sensory system is balanced by an increased physiological sensitivity in other intact modalities. Rosenzweig (1966) provided anatomical support for this contention by demonstrat-ing that weight and biochemical activity of nonvisual areas of the cortex of blinded or visually deprived animals are greater than that found in controls, although MacDoughall and Rabinovitch (1971) failed to replicate this result in the case of auditory handicap or deprivation. At the behavioral level the evidence is equally mixed, and the presence or absence of successful compensation in people with sensory handicaps appears to depend on a variety of factors.…”

Section: Sensory Handicapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological compensation: A theoretical framework.

Bäckman

Dixon²

1992

Psychological Bulletin

357

217

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The 2 main objectives of this article are to review a variety of literatures in which the concept of compensation is used and to integrate the results of this review into a general framework of compensation. The review focuses on 4 domains of psychological inquiry: compensation for sensory handicaps, cognitive deficits, interpersonal losses, and brain injury. In the proposed framework, underlying dimensions and 4 basic steps in the progression of compensatory behavior are distinguished. The latter include origins, mechanisms, forms, and consequences. Finally, we describe ways in which researchers in particular domains can benefit from the global, process-oriented framework we propose. For most of the areas of compensation research reviewed, investigators can profit from a consideration of a broader selection of dimensions, additional steps in the process, alternative outcomes, and both objective and subjective assessment procedures.

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Section: Sensory Handicapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological compensation: A theoretical framework.

Bäckman

Dixon²

1992

Psychological Bulletin

357

217

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“…The question of whether these effects have consequences in behavior is controversial in both studies with animals (MacDougall & Rabinovitch, 1971; but see Korte & Rauschecker, 1993;Rauschecker & Kniepert, 1994) and human subjects. Burnstine, Greenough, and Tees (1984) summarized the results of relevant studies with human subjects and concluded that many reports can be discounted due to methodological problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Do Deaf People See Better? Texture Segmentation and Visual Search Compensate in Adult but Not in Juvenile Subjects

Rettenbach

Diller

Sireteanu

1999

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

101

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The research concerning the visual perception in deaf subjects has led to contradictory results: Deaf subjects have been reported to show enhanced visual perceptual skills compared to hearing subjects (Neville & Lawson, 1987). On the other hand, there are indications that acoustic deprivation may produce an inferiority in all sensory modalities (Myklebust, 1964). These contradictions may be due to methodological differences: The investigators selected different conditions (e.g. attentive/nonattentive) and various samples of deaf subjects (e.g., different age, language, and aetiology groups). In our study, we tested a large sample of deaf subjects with texture segmentation and visual search conditions, which allowed us to differentiate between visual processing with and without attentional load. All deaf subjects had profound hearing loss within the first year of life. Our results suggest that the visual processing capacity of deaf children and adolescents does not exceed that of age- and gender-matched hearing subjects. Rather, deaf school children show deficits in visual processing in conditions with and without attentional load. Age (6 to 20 years), language used (oral, sign, oral + sign), and aetiology for deafness (genetic, maternal rubella, perinatal, infection in the first year of life, unknown) did not consistently influence the results. The deficits in visual processing were partially compensated for in adult deaf subjects. The performances of deaf and hearing adults in trials that could be solved preattentively did not differ statistically significantly, but in attention-dependent trials the deaf subjects were more efficient than the hearing controls. We conclude that visual compensation for deafness is limited to attention-dependent tasks and does not develop until adulthood.

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“…However, when tested at maturity, deaf and hearing mice showed different patterns of behavior. These results were viewed as consistent with Shultz's sensori-static theory, and the suggestion was made that deaf mice use their intact senses in a unique way to obtain information and stimulation from the environment.Recent evidence (MacDougall, 1971) suggests that early auditory deprivation in rats and mice does not result in the development of increased visual ability. In the present experiment an attempt is made to determine if this lack of change in perceptual ability occurs despite increased use of the intact senses during exploratory activity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent evidence (MacDougall, 1971) suggests that early auditory deprivation in rats and mice does not result in the development of increased visual ability. In the present experiment an attempt is made to determine if this lack of change in perceptual ability occurs despite increased use of the intact senses during exploratory activity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early auditory deprivation and exploratory activity.

MacDougall¹,

Rabinovitch²

1972

Developmental Psychology

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An experiment dealing with the effect of early auditory deprivation on the exploratory behavior of mice is reported. At 2 months of age, deaf and hearing mice, raised in an enriched environment, showed no difference in their pattern of exploratory behavior. However, when tested at maturity, deaf and hearing mice showed different patterns of behavior. These results were viewed as consistent with Shultz's sensori-static theory, and the suggestion was made that deaf mice use their intact senses in a unique way to obtain information and stimulation from the environment.Recent evidence (MacDougall, 1971) suggests that early auditory deprivation in rats and mice does not result in the development of increased visual ability. In the present experiment an attempt is made to determine if this lack of change in perceptual ability occurs despite increased use of the intact senses during exploratory activity. An increase in the use of the senses could be expected on the basis of Hebb and Thompson's (1954) conception of arousal. Also, Shultz (1965) in his sensori-static model maintains that an organism seeks to maintain an optimum level of arousal through sensory stimulation. This suggests that an animal that is deprived of stimulation in a particular modality would seek extra stimulation in the nonaffected modalities.In the present study, deaf and hearing mice were studied at two different age levels. Earlier studies by Zucker andBindra (1961) andGyllensten, Malmfors, and Norlin (1966) suggest that different effects may be seen at different developmental periods. Also, since Rosenzweig (1966) reported that the evidence for sensory compensation is mainly restricted to situations where animals are raised in an enriched en-

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Early auditory deprivation and sensory compensation.

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Psychological compensation: A theoretical framework.

Psychological compensation: A theoretical framework.

Do Deaf People See Better? Texture Segmentation and Visual Search Compensate in Adult but Not in Juvenile Subjects

Early auditory deprivation and exploratory activity.

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