Early Biochemical Alterations in Manganese Toxicity: Ameliorating Effects of Magnesium Nitrate and Vitamins

Abstract

Manganese-induced early biochemical changes and effects of supplementation of magnesium nitrate (Mg(NO 3 ) 2 ) and antioxidant vitamins (A, C, D and E) were studied in rats intoxicated with manganese. Significant elevation in the level of chlorides in plasma, erythrocytes, liver and cerebellum, and a decrease in plasma inorganic phosphate (pi) with an increase in liver pi were observed in animals exposed to manganese as compared to controls. The level of erythrocyteacid labile phosphate (ALP), nicotinamide adeninedinucleotide (NAD + ) and plasma sialic acid (Nacetylneuraminic acid, NANA) also increased significantly. Elevated levels of chlorides in plasma, erythrocytes and cerebellum reversed to normal control values whereas liver chlorides restored partially by the supplementation of Mg(NO 3 ) 2 . Vitamins supplementation was effective to reverse chlorides level in erythrocytes, liver and cerebellum. Decreased level of pi in plasma and the highly elevated level of erythrocyte ALP were also recovered in animals received Mg(NO 3 ) 2 in addition to MnSO 4 . However, such effect of Mg(NO 3 ) 2 was not seen in lowering the elevated level of NANA that restored by the administration of vitamins. Thus, the early alterations in plasma levels of chlorides, pi, and NANA and erythrocyte-ALP seem to be an indicative of early manganese toxicity while Mg(NO 3 ) 2 and vitamins supplementation appear to provide, at least in part, protection against manganese toxicity.

Oral administration of trace element magnesium significantly improving the cognition and locomotion in hepatic encephalopathy rats

“…However, in this study 61 days of treatment with zinc only had a limited effect on decreasing cortical manganese concentrations. One study reported that magnesium could protect against manganese toxicity 16 . However, whether magnesium can be used to treat HE has not been investigated.…”

Effect of melatonin on element distribution in the liver tissue of diabetic rats subjected to forced exercise

“…Elevated magnesium levels we found with melatonin supplementation in the group 6 (melatonin-supplemented diabetic swimming) in our study maight be evaluated as a striking result, in consideration of the effects of this element in the glucose metabolism (20,21). Physical activity was shown to result in an increase in manganese activity in rats (22) However, it is also known that excessive accumulation of manganese causes lipid peroxidation through a toxic effect (23). Therefore, elevated manganese levels we established in the diabetes groups are important with respect to the relation between diabetes and lipid peroxidation.…”