Early Carboniferous (Late Tournaisian–Early Viséan) ostracods from the Ballagan Formation, central Scotland, UK

Williams, Mark; Stephenson, Michael H.; Wilkinson, Ian P.; Leng, Melanie J.; Miller, C. Giles

doi:10.1144/jm.24.1.77

Cited by 21 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Siliciclastic sediment, sourced mainly from the highlands to the north was deposited in prograding alluvial to lacustrine deltaic systems, with infrequent marine transgressions (Browne et al 1999). A study of the older (early Mississippian, Courceyan) Ballagan Formation demonstrated ostracods in hypersaline and brackish water bodies (Williams et al 2005(Williams et al , 2006, associated with possible freshwater to brackish algal palynomorphs (Stephenson et al 2004a,b).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7) with many other ostracod species (Table 3) and are considered to be eurytopic. Cavellina is known for its marginal marine to brackish-water tolerance in Carboniferous environments (Robinson, 1978;Williams et al 2005Williams et al , 2006. Many Mississippian Shemonaella species are interpreted as marine (for example, Crasquin, 1985;Dewey, 1983), but some are considered as brackish (Tibert & Scott, 1999).…”

Section: B Type 2 Assemblage: Marginal Marinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…occurs in great abundance in blackband ironstones, which may represent opportunistic reproduction in quickly colonizing this plant-rich environment. Carboniferous species of Paraparchites have been recorded from environments interpreted as marine (Dewey, 1988), non-marine (Kummerow, 1953;Williams et al 2005) and hypersaline (Dewey, 1983(Dewey, , 1987(Dewey, , 1988Williams et al 2005Williams et al , 2006. The associations of Shemonaella ornata n. sp.…”

Section: C Type 3 Assemblage: Brackish-freshwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A, Glyptolichvinella spiralis and palaeocope sp. D. Acratia is reported as marine (Olempska, 1993), and Glyptolichvinella as marginal marine to brackish (Williams et al 2005(Williams et al , 2006.…”

Section: E Uncertain Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ostracods from freshwater and brackish environments of the Carboniferous of the Midland Valley of Scotland: the early colonization of terrestrial water bodies

et al. 2011

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-The Mississippian Strathclyde Group of the Midland Valley of Scotland yields some of the earliest non-marine ostracods. The succession records shallow marine, deltaic, estuarine, lagoonal, lacustrine, fluvial and swamp environments representing a series of staging-posts between fully marine and limnetic settings. Macrofossils and ostracods are assigned to marine, marginal marine, brackish and freshwater environments based on their faunal assemblage patterns. Key brackish to freshwater ostracods are Geisina arcuata, Paraparchites circularis n. sp., Shemonaella ornata n. sp. and Silenites sp. A, associated with the bivalves Anthraconaia, Carbonicola, Cardiopteridium, Curvirimula, Naiadites, the microconchid 'Spirorbis', Spinicaudata and fish. Many Platycopina and Paraparchiticopina ostracods are interpreted as euryhaline, which corresponds with their occurrence in marine to coastal plain water bodies, and supports the 'estuary effect' hypothesis of non-marine colonization. The success of non-marine colonization by ostracods was dependent on the intrinsic adaptations of ostracod species to lower salinities, such as new reproductive strategies and the timing of extrinsic mechanisms to drive non-marine colonization, such as sea-level change. The genus Carbonita is the oldest and most common freshwater ostracod, and went on to dominate freshwater environments in the Late Palaeozoic.

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Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Type 2 Assemblage: Marginal Marinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: C Type 3 Assemblage: Brackish-freshwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: E Uncertain Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ostracods from freshwater and brackish environments of the Carboniferous of the Midland Valley of Scotland: the early colonization of terrestrial water bodies

et al. 2011

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“…Ostracodes, microscopic crustaceans (usually 1-2 mm), with a distinctive bivalved carapace, are widely used in palaeoecology and biostratigraphy because of their relatively short stratigraphic ranges and high abundance in shelf sequences , Williams et al 2005, Tinn et al 2006. The systematics of recent ostracodes is based on soft body anatomy and the carapace features are of secondary importance.…”

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confidence: 99%

Intraspecific variation and polymorphism in the ostracode Conchoprimitian socialis (Brøgger, 1882) from the early Middle Ordovician Baltoscandian Palaeobasin

Tinn¹,

Meida²,

Sohar³

2010

Bull. Geosci.

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The eridostracan ostracode genus Conchoprimitia Öpik, 1935 appears among the earliest ostracodes in the carbonate succession of the Ordovician Baltoscandian Palaeobasin. Over the past one hundred years, more than twenty species of Conchoprimitia have been recognized from early Middle Ordovician sediments. The microsculpture has been regarded as one of the most important features for distinguishing between different species of Conchoprimitia. However, four main types of microsculpture (smooth, punctate, reticulate and rugose/striate) are often transitional, occurring on different areas of the carapace and are not therefore discrete taxonomically important characters. As no clear distinction can be made between different carapace morphologies, the early Middle Ordovician Conchoprimitia species of Baltoscandia should be regarded as morphotypes of one polymorphic species -Conchoprimitia socialis (Brøgger, 1882). C. socialis was an opportunistic species, which developed different microsculpture on the carapace surface in different lithofacies in the Baltoscandian Palaeobasin.•

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A review of the Carboniferous colonisation of non-marine environments by ostracods

Bennett

2008

Senckenbergiana lethaea

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Ihis review examines the nature and chronology of the transition ofostracods from marine to non-marine aquatic environments in the Devonian and Carboniferous. There is putative evidence of ostracods in brackish waters from the middle Silurian, but more robust evidence from the Devonian. The first putative freshwater ostracods are species of the genera Carbonita and Geisina which are found in the early to middle Carboniferous Coal Measures. Freshwater ostracods are common in the middle Pennsylvanian CoalMeasures of late Carboniferous age, with species of genera such as Darwinula, Carbonita, Candona and Cypridopsis. The Lower Carboniferous Vis› succession from the Midland V:alley of Scotland provides a unique range of sedimentary environments from marine to non-marine, and a diverse range of ostracods and macrofauna. Ir is an ideal sequence to study the radiation of the Ostracoda from marine to non-marine realms. Non-marine species of Carbonita are found in the lower Vis› associated with spirorbids, Naiadites, ~~theria, plant and fish fragments. Marginal marine species include the genera GeMna, Paraparchites, Shemonael[a and Cave[lina, all ofwhich are eurytopic. The first non-marine environments occupied by ostracods were near the shoreline, and influenced by marine transgressions. The adaptations needed to survive in freshwater or low salinities would have included changes in osmoregulation, feeding, and reproductive strategies such as parthenogenesis, to enable opportunistic colonisation of temporary freshwater habitats such as seasonal pools.

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Early Carboniferous (Late Tournaisian–Early Viséan) ostracods from the Ballagan Formation, central Scotland, UK

Cited by 21 publications

References 37 publications

Ostracods from freshwater and brackish environments of the Carboniferous of the Midland Valley of Scotland: the early colonization of terrestrial water bodies

Ostracods from freshwater and brackish environments of the Carboniferous of the Midland Valley of Scotland: the early colonization of terrestrial water bodies

Intraspecific variation and polymorphism in the ostracode Conchoprimitian socialis (Brøgger, 1882) from the early Middle Ordovician Baltoscandian Palaeobasin

A review of the Carboniferous colonisation of non-marine environments by ostracods

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