Early cellular changes of human mesenchymal stem cells and their interaction with other cells

Abstract

Cell-to-cell interactions between human mesenchymal stem cells and potential adjacent cells such as endothelial cells, dermal fibroblasts, and epidermal keratinocytes was investigated. A modified dual Boyden chamber assay using 8-microm pores revealed a more powerful chemotactic cell migration of human mesenchymal stem cells toward human epidermal keratinocytes than other cells, such as umbilical artery endothelial cells and dermal fibroblasts, during 16 hours of incubation (336.2+/-52.33, 36.0+/-11.20, and 62.7+/-18.16, cells/field, respectively, p<0.01; comparison between endothelial cells and keratinocytes, and fibroblasts and keratinocytes). Scanning electron microscopy showed human mesenchymal stem cell migration through the pores, with endothelial cells, fibroblasts, or keratinocytes in the lower chambers. Mesenchymal stem cell ultrastructural changes occurred, including a larger euchromatin nucleus, when the cells were placed in medium containing 10 percent fetal bovine serum, whereas basic fibroblast growth factor maintained the immature cell morphology for 4 days. Monolayer coculture also showed human mesenchymal stem cell changes in ultrastructural morphology in the vicinity of the epidermal keratinocytes. These data suggest that human mesenchymal stem cells may interact with human epidermal keratinocytes to accelerate wound healing and coverage.

The dose effect of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on epidermal development in organotypic co-culture

“…50% MSCs) is the strong chemotactic interaction between each other. Akino et al [10] showed MSCs would migrate with a significantly higher affinity towards KERs than towards fibroblasts and endothelia cells. In monolayer co-culture, MSCs was found to be elongated and adhere to human epidermal KERs through a basement membrane-like structure built between each other [10].…”

“…Akino et al [10] showed MSCs would migrate with a significantly higher affinity towards KERs than towards fibroblasts and endothelia cells. In monolayer co-culture, MSCs was found to be elongated and adhere to human epidermal KERs through a basement membrane-like structure built between each other [10]. In our experiment, these chemotactic effects were demonstrated by the formation of cell clusters or colonies in co-cultured group with 50% MSCs on day 14.…”

“…transforming growth factor) for epidermal development to promote the healing process of the damaged tissue [9]. Furthermore, the strong interactions between MSCs and KERs within the epidermis indicate BM-MSCs have the potential to regenerate epidermis and facilitate skin repair under appropriate conditions [9,10]. However, the biological significance of BM-MSCs in skin regeneration has not been clearly defined.…”

Treatment of diabetic wounds with fetal murine mesenchymal stromal cells enhances wound closure

“…derived from the stroma of bone marrow and other tissues (da Silva Meirelles et al 2006). MSC have demonstrated a number of properties in vitro that can promote tissue repair, including the production of multiple growth factors, cytokines, collagens, and matrix metalloproteinases (Fathke et al 2004;Kim et al 2005;Kinnaird et al 2004;Parikka et al 2005;Pittenger et al 1999) and the ability to promote migration of other skin cells such as keratinocytes (Akino et al 2005). MSC have also been implicated as participators in normal tissue-repair processes based on their location in areas of tissue injury, such as injured spinal cord (S. , heart allografts in chronic rejection (G.D. , and areas of dermal injury (Liechty et al 2000).…”

Stem cells and chronic wound healing: state of the art

“…26,27 Their direct interactions with other cells, such as keratinocytes, also accelerate wound healing. 28 Despite their ability to differentiate into various cell types, the mechanism of action of MSCs is largely paracrine in nature. 29 For example, ASC-conditioned media can stimulate the migration of vascular endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and keratinocytes, suggesting that the secretome can promote wound healing even in the absence of the cells themselves.…”