Early changes in pulmonary functions after mitral valve replacement

Abstract

BACKGROUND:This study evaluates changes in pulmonary functions before and after mitral valve replacement (MVR).MATERIALS AND METHODS:Twenty-five patients with rheumatic mitral lesions who had undergone MVR were divided into three groups, based on New York Heart Association (NYHA) class. They were evaluated for changes in pulmonary functions, preoperatively and postoperatively at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months to find any improvements after MVR.RESULTS:Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow rates were universally found to be decreased preoperatively. Total lung capacity (TLC) and diffusion capacity (DLCO) were significantly reduced preoperatively in NYHA Class III and IV. The pulmonary functions further declined at 1 week after surgery. Except for FVC in NYHA Class IV (32.3% improvement, P < 0.05), the changes were statistically insignificant.CONCLUSIONS:Pulmonary functions deteriorate immediately after surgery and then recover gradually over a period of 3 months. However, they remain below the predicted values.

Association between the low percentage of forced vital capacity and increased mortality after left ventricular assist device implantation

“…Also, the remarkable reduction in lung compliance, increased respiratory work, and redistribution of pulmonary blood flow adversely affect the PFT. [ 13 - 18 ] This patient group has severe respiratory muscle dysfunction which occurs due to chronic increased respiratory workload and dead space ventilation. [ 19 , 20 ] All of these changes cause decreased lung function.…”

Inspiratory Muscle and Functional Performance of Patients Entering Cardiac Rehabilitation after Cardiac Valve Replacement

“…Previous research that did not differentiate between VRS techniques found impaired 6MWT, balance, 5xStS, pulmonary function via spirometry, MIP and MEP [8,9,26,28,[30][31][32]. These studies examined IMP and FP either pre-or post-operatively and with or without intervention.…”

“…Studies examining the role of IMT in VRS includes both pre-and post-operative IMT. Ferreira [9,32]. The data in our study was collected when the participants were initially enrolled into CR and none of the patients received pre-operative testing or interventions, but all patients received standard post-operative inpatient care.…”

“…In fact, patients undergoing VRS demonstrate pre-and post-procedure respiratory muscle wasting worsening inspiratory muscle performance (IMP) [8]. While patients after VRS display some improvement in functional performance (FP) after 3 months, many measures of FP appear to remain below age-and gender-predicted values [9]. Alternatively, Cargnin et al showed that 4 weeks of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) immediately following VRS was effective in restoring IMP to pre-operative levels and also increased FP assessed by the 6MWD [8].…”