Early childhood caries status and its associated factors among young children in a rural area of Cambodia

Kubota, Yu; Pech, Nhep San; Durward, Callum; Ogawa, Hiroshi

doi:10.1016/j.pdj.2019.11.003

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In a previous study on the same group of children, most children continued to breast feed (including at night) after 18 months [ 38 ]. WHO recommends exclusive breast-feeding for the first six months and continued breastfeeding for two years to enhance immunity and supply important nutrients for the growing infant [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown that the oral health of Cambodian preschool children is poor [ 10 , 11 , 13 , 38 ]. In this study, the majority of the children (61.5%) had ECC by the time they reached the age of three years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All caries was untreated, and ECC was a predictor of underweight. Untreated ECC can have impacts on the children and their families [ 38 ]. It can result in pain and infection, reduce dietary intake, and cause financial hardship to the family if treatment is sought.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early childhood caries (ECC) is defined as the presence of one or more decayed (non-cavitated or cavitated lesions), missing (due to caries), or filled tooth surfaces in any primary tooth in a child 71 months of age or younger [ 9 ]. A previous study in Kampong Cham province showed that 70% of children had developed ECC by two years old, even before all the primary teeth had erupted [ 10 ]. Turton et al found that the ECC prevalence was 85% in children aged three years who had complete primary dentitions [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By the time Cambodian children reach school, the average six-year-old has a mean dmft (decayed, missing and filled primary teeth), nine teeth, with almost no children having evidence of any dental treatments [ 12 ]. Poor oral health in young Cambodian children has been linked to a variety of associated factors [ 10 , 13 ]. Previous studies have suggested that an integrated approach between general health and oral health will be essential if these oral health issues in young children are to be addressed in the future [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Underweight and early childhood caries among young children in rural Cambodia: a pilot study

et al. 2021

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Objectives To investigate the association between underweight and early childhood caries (ECC) among children aged one to three years in rural Cambodia. Materials and methods A total of 200 Cambodian children aged one to three years at several villages in Kampong Cham province participated in this study. The children whose Z scores were below two and three standard deviations were considered as moderately-underweight and severely-underweight. Children whose mid-upper arm circumstance (MUAC) was below 12.5 cm, were regarded as having malnutrition. ECC was recorded following the WHO guidelines. Associated factors were obtained through interviews with caregivers. Results 33.5% and 7.0% of the children were identified as being moderately-underweight and severely-underweight, respectively. The prevalence of ECC was 61.5%. ECC was significantly associated with children being moderately-underweight (P < 0.05). The prevalence of ECC was higher prevalence of those who with severely-underweight, although significant differences were not observed (P = 0.054). Logistic regressions showed that those with low birth weight (OR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.03–6.40) and malnutrition (OR = 4.71; 95% CI = 1.08–20.62) were likely to be moderately-underweight and severely-underweight, whereas those who with ECC had more moderately-underweight, although it was not significant (OR = 2.21; 95% CI = 0.97–5.00). Those with low birth weight (OR = 10.68; 95% CI = 2.95–38.65) and ECC (OR = 6.67; 95% CI = 1.02–43.61) were likely to be severely-underweight. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that low birth weight, malnutrition and ECC were associated factors of underweight in this population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Underweight and early childhood caries among young children in rural Cambodia: a pilot study

et al. 2021

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Early childhood caries prevalence and associated risk factors among Saudi preschool children in Riyadh

AlMarshad

Wyne

Al-Jobair

2021

The Saudi Dental Journal

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Aim To determine the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) and investigate the effect of associated risk factors on ECC prevalence in preschool children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional study included Saudi preschoolers aged 36–71 months. Parents/guardians completed a structured, self-administered questionnaire assessing sociodemographics; medical, dental, and dietary history; and oral hygiene practices. Children were orally examined for dental caries, oral hygiene, and plaque deposition. Results A total of 383 children were examined. ECC prevalence was 72.6%, with a mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) score of 4.13 (±3.99) and a mean decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (dmfs) score of 7.0 (±9.1). Children from schools in northern Riyadh and those of fathers in professional jobs were less likely to have ECC [(OR: 0.203; 95% CI: 0.082–0.503)] and [(OR: 0.472; 95% CI: 0.256–0.871)], respectively. Children with a nocturnal feeding history and poor oral hygiene were more likely to have ECC [(OR: 2.281; 95% CI: 1.143–4.553)] and [(OR: 5.523; 95% CI: 2.269–13.441)], respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of ECC in preschool children in Riyadh is high and affected by parental socioeconomic factors, infant feeding practices, and children’s oral hygiene status.

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Scoping review of nutrition intervention and dietary assessment studies in Khmer populations living in Cambodia

Windus

Burrows

Duncanson

et al. 2021

J Human Nutrition Diet

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Background: This scoping review aims to describe the body of nutrition intervention and dietary assessment research undertaken with Khmer populations in Cambodia, as well as summarise the nutrition knowledge base and highlight priority areas for future research. Methods: Five databases and the grey literature were searched, following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Studies involving dietary assessment or nutrition interventions published after 1992 were identified using specific search terms and extracted to a customised data extraction table for categorisation and analysis. Study participants were Khmer people of any age and gender, living in rural or urban Cambodia. Results: Of the 100 included studies, 58 were dietary assessment only studies, 24 were nutrition interventions only, and 18 studies involved both assessment of intake and an intervention. Sixty-eight percent of study populations were mothers and young children, of which 52 studies focused on children aged under 5 years. Nineteen interventions involved supplementation and six trialled fortification of rice or fish sauce. Anaemia was the most common nutrition condition studied (n = 17), followed by malnutrition (n = 15) and malnutrition risk factors (n = 11). General nutrition status was explored in 25 studies, and individual micronutrients that were studied included iron (n = 27), zinc (n = 6), vitamin A (n = 4) and thiamine (n = 3). Conclusions: Diet-related research in Khmer populations in Cambodia has predominantly focused on dietary assessment or evaluation of interventions aimed at reducing malnutrition and resolving micronutrient deficiencies. Areas identified as emerging needs included non-communicable diseases, the ageing population and non-iron deficiency anaemia. Highlights• Previous research involving nutrition interventions and/or dietary assessment research among Khmer populations living in Cambodia has largely focused on malnutrition and anaemia. • Populations studied have been predominantly maternal and young children, addressing Sustainable Development Goals. • Supplementation and fortification interventions are prominent. • Wide variety of study outcomes involving dietary assessment, e.g., health behaviours, food security, intervention effectiveness and oral health, across different population groups.

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Early childhood caries status and its associated factors among young children in a rural area of Cambodia

Cited by 13 publications

References 29 publications

Underweight and early childhood caries among young children in rural Cambodia: a pilot study

Underweight and early childhood caries among young children in rural Cambodia: a pilot study

Early childhood caries prevalence and associated risk factors among Saudi preschool children in Riyadh

Scoping review of nutrition intervention and dietary assessment studies in Khmer populations living in Cambodia

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