Early childhood trauma, substance use and complex concurrent disorders among adolescents

Cabanis, Maurice; Outadi, Ava; Choi, Fiona

doi:10.1097/yco.0000000000000718

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Consequently, many opioid addicts experience accelerated biological aging [ 11 ]. However, beyond somatic comorbidities, psychiatric diagnoses beyond SUD, such as depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia, are often seen in SUD patients as dual diagnoses, and suicide risks are higher in persons with SUD [ 5 , 12 , 13 ]. In our SUD population, more than half of the patients suffered from psychiatric conditions, mainly anxiety, depression and schizophrenia, confirming an additional need for comprehensive care and specific skills.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and clinical challenges in patients with substance use disorder in palliative care—experience from a tertiary center in a high-income country

Marti,

Hünerwadel,

Hut

et al. 2024

BMC Palliat Care

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Background Access to palliative care is often limited for challenging and vulnerable groups, including persons with substance use disorders. However, with optimized healthcare options and liberal substitution policies, this patient group is likely to increase over the upcoming years, and comorbidities will also influence the need for palliative support. Here, we aim at analyzing characteristics and specific challenges associated with substance use disorders (SUD) in palliative care. Methods We retrospectively reviewed all patients diagnosed with substance use disorder that were treated at our Competence Center Palliative Care within the University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland between 2015 and 2021. Patient characteristics, including age, gender, duration of hospitalization, as well as specific metrics like body mass index, distinct palliative care assessment scores, and in-hospital opioid consumption were retrieved from the electronic patient files. Demographics and clinical data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, and compared to those of a control group of palliative care patients without SUD. An opioid calculator was used to standardize opioid intake based on morphine equivalents for meaningful comparisons. Results The primary characteristics revealed that the majority of individuals were single (56%), had no children (83%), lived alone (39%), and were either unemployed or recipients of a disability pension (in total 50%). Nicotine (89%), opioids (67%), and alcohol (67%) were the most used substances. We identified various comorbidities including psychiatric illnesses alongside SUD (56%), hepatitis A, B, or C (33%), and HIV infection (17%). Patients with SUD were significantly younger (p < 0.5), predominantly male (p < 0.05), and reported a higher prevalence of pain (p < 0.5) compared to the standard cohort of palliative patients. Regarding the challenges most frequently reported by healthcare practitioners, non-compliance, multimorbidity, challenging communication, biographical trauma, lack of social support, and unstable housing situations played a key role. Conclusion Patients with SUD represent a complex and vulnerable group dealing with multiple comorbidities that profoundly affect both their physical and psychological well-being. Understanding their unique characteristics is pivotal in providing precise and suitable palliative care.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and clinical challenges in patients with substance use disorder in palliative care—experience from a tertiary center in a high-income country

Marti,

Hünerwadel,

Hut

et al. 2024

BMC Palliat Care

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“… 11 , 30 Psychological injuries during childhood can aggravate various disorders in life like the addictive behavior. 11 , 31 , 32 According to the study by Sanders et al, 33 it is common for people who have experienced childhood trauma to use drugs as a confrontation mechanism. These results were in line with the findings of the present study in which traumatic experiences continued to affect participants’ lives years later.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Addiction Relapse Based on Perceived Social Support and Childhood Trauma

Arabshahi,

Mohammad-Beigi,

Mohebi

et al. 2023

Addict Health

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Background: The adverse effects of addiction relapse have always been major challenges in addiction treatment. Perceived social support and childhood trauma are determinants of drug addiction and relapse prevention. The current study aimed to predict drug addiction relapse based on perceived social support and childhood trauma in drug addiction treatment centers in Qom, Iran. Methods: The present study examined 320 individuals, who visited drug addiction treatment centers in Qom, Iran and were selected using the purposive sampling method. The data collection tools included a demographic information questionnaire, the Social Support Scale, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), and the Addiction Relapse Frequency Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 and independent t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson test, and multivariate regression. Findings: The research results indicated that 49.4% (n=158) of cases used opium. The results of multivariate regression of the factors related to addiction relapse indicated that the childhood trauma score had a significant effect on the relapse of more than 3 times in a way that childhood trauma increased the relapse rate of more than 3 times by 13%, but social support caused a significant reduction in the relapse rate of more than 3 times. Conclusion: The research findings indicated that addiction relapse had a significant relationship with childhood trauma and perceived social support. The results can be a guide for future studies to expand psychological knowledge about the determinants of the treatment and prevention of addiction relapse and help to develop psychological explanations of this disorder.

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“…Some people are more prone to addictive behaviours, regardless of whether these involve substances or problematic activities [ 32 ]. Multiple studies show a relation between childhood trauma and addiction, such as drug addiction [ 36 ], gambling disorder [ 37 ] and substance use amongst adolescents [ 38 ]. Furthermore, a genetic and epigenetic link is possible [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why do we climb mountains? An exploration of features of behavioural addiction in mountaineering and the association with stress-related psychiatric disorders

Habelt

Kemmler

Defrancesco

et al. 2022

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Common knowledge implies that individuals engaging in outdoor sports and especially in regular and extreme mountaineering are exceptionally healthy and hardened. Physical activity in outdoor environments has a positive effect on physical and mental health. However, regular and/or extreme mountaineering might share similarities with behavioural addictions and could thus also have a negative impact on health. In this cross-sectional web-based questionnaire study, we collected data on exercise and mountaineering addiction (Exercise Addiction Inventory; original and adapted version for mountaineering; Exercise Dependence Scale adapted version for mountaineering). Further surveyed parameters included mountaineering habits, Risk-Taking Inventory, Sensation-Seeking/Emotion Regulation/Agency Scale (SEAS), resilience, self-perceived stress, physical activity in metabolic units and mental health. Comparisons were performed between individuals with symptoms of addiction to mountaineering (MA) and individuals without symptoms of addiction to mountaineering or sports in general (CO) using non-parametric analyses. We analysed data from 335 participants, n = 88 thereof with addiction to mountaineering (MA) and n = 247 control participants (CO). The MA group scored significantly higher with regards to self-perceived stress (p < 0.001) and included a significantly higher number of individuals affected by symptoms of depression (p < 0.001), symptoms of anxiety (p < 0.001), symptoms of eating disorders (p < 0.001), alcohol abuse or dependence (p < 0.001), illicit drug abuse (p = 0.050), or current and history of psychiatric disorders (p < 0.001). Individuals with MA showed higher values in all SEAS subscales as well as increased risk-taking (p < 0.001). Regular and extreme mountaineering can display features of a behavioural addiction and is associated with psychiatric disorders. Behavioural addiction in mountaineering is associated with higher levels of sensation-seeking, emotion regulation, and agency, as well as increased risk-taking.

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Early childhood trauma, substance use and complex concurrent disorders among adolescents

Cited by 25 publications

References 47 publications

Characteristics and clinical challenges in patients with substance use disorder in palliative care—experience from a tertiary center in a high-income country

Characteristics and clinical challenges in patients with substance use disorder in palliative care—experience from a tertiary center in a high-income country

Prediction of Addiction Relapse Based on Perceived Social Support and Childhood Trauma

Why do we climb mountains? An exploration of features of behavioural addiction in mountaineering and the association with stress-related psychiatric disorders

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