Early concurrent and longitudinal symptoms of ADHD and ODD: relations to different types of inhibitory control and working memory

Brocki, Karin C.; Nyberg, Lilianne; Thorell, Lisa B.; Bohlin, Gunilla

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01811.x

Cited by 115 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

103

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This is line with the results of, for example, Friedman et al (2007), who used structural equation modeling with inhibition and updating of WM as latent constructs, as well as with our own data (Brocki et al 2007), showing that only inhibition independently predicted symptoms of ADHD over a 2 year period. However, it should be noted that child age may be important when comparing the contribution of various EF components, because slower maturation of more complex EF components such as WM may mean that they become more important in later developmental phases (cf.…”

Section: Specific Relations To Adhd Symptom Domains and Symptom Groupssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Both tasks have been used extensively in previous ADHD research in both clinical and non-clinical samples, they have been used to discriminate between children with ADHD and normally developing controls and they have shown adequate (Stroop like task; r=0.62 and go/no go task; r=0.84, p<0.0001) test-retest reliability (Berlin and Bohlin 2002, Berlin et al 2004, Brocki et al 2007, Thorell 2007.…”

Section: Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Heterogeneity in ADHD: Neuropsychological Pathways, Comorbidity and Symptom Domains

Wåhlstedt

Thorell

Bohlin

2008

J Abnorm Child Psychol

Self Cite

215

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the present study was to investigate different neuropsychological impairments and comorbid behavioral problems in relation to symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), studying the independent effects of different functions as well as specific relations to symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity and inattention. A community-based sample of school children (n = 182; the higher end of the ADHD symptom range was oversampled) completed neuropsychological tasks designed to measure executive function (EF), state regulation and delay aversion. Behavioral symptoms were measured through parental and teacher ratings of the DSM-IV criteria for ADHD and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Both categorical and dimensional analyses were used to acquire a deeper understanding of ADHD. The results supported the notion that EF and state regulation constitute independent pathways to ADHD, primarily to symptoms of inattention. In addition, the present study points to the importance of viewing ADHD as a heterogeneous condition also with regard to the differential impact of neuropsychological functioning and comorbidity on different ADHD symptom groups and the two ADHD symptom domains.

show abstract

Section: Specific Relations To Adhd Symptom Domains and Symptom Groupssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Heterogeneity in ADHD: Neuropsychological Pathways, Comorbidity and Symptom Domains

Wåhlstedt

Thorell

Bohlin

2008

J Abnorm Child Psychol

Self Cite

215

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies with different age groups yield results that together form a developmental pattern that may be seen as being in line with Barkley's EF model. To be more precise, in the preschool period deficits in inhibitory control in relation to symptoms of ADHD seem to constitute a robust finding (Berlin and Bohlin 2002;Berlin et al 2003;Brocki et al 2007 [data based on the same sample as in the current study]; Hughes et al 1998;Sonuga-Barke et al 2002. In contrast, relations between WM deficits and ADHD symptoms in preschoolers have been inconsistent, with some studies reporting significant correlations (Mariani and Barkley 1997;Sonuga-Barke et al 2003;Thorell and Wahlstedt 2006), whereas others have reported a lack of it (Brocki et al 2007; Sonuga- Barke et al 2002).…”

contrasting

confidence: 55%

“…In contrast, relations between WM deficits and ADHD symptoms in preschoolers have been inconsistent, with some studies reporting significant correlations (Mariani and Barkley 1997;Sonuga-Barke et al 2003;Thorell and Wahlstedt 2006), whereas others have reported a lack of it (Brocki et al 2007; Sonuga- Barke et al 2002). For older children of elementary school-age, WM deficits have been shown to generally discriminate well between children with ADHD and typically developing controls (Brocki et al 2008;Martinussen et al 2005;Rapport et al 2008;Willcutt et al 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Because one third of the sample in this study was at risk for both ADHD and ODD, all analyses regarding relations between EFs and symptoms of ADHD are presented both with and without control for symptoms of ODD (for relations between symptoms of ADHD and ODD in this sample, see Brocki et al 2007). All analyses are presented adjusting for age.…”

Section: Data Management and Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Interrelations Between Executive Function and Symptoms of Hyperactivity/Impulsivity and Inattention in Preschoolers: A Two Year Longitudinal Study

Brocki

Eninger

Thorell

et al. 2009

J Abnorm Child Psychol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study, including children at risk for developing Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), examined the idea that complex executive functions (EFs) build upon more simple ones. This notion was applied in the study of longitudinal interrelations between core EF components - simple and complex inhibition, selective attention, and working memory (WM) - at age 5 and 6 as well as their predictive relations to ADHD symptoms at age 7. The results showed that simple inhibition and selective attention at age 5 independently predicted complex inhibition and WM at age 6. In addition, EFs primarily predicted symptoms of inattention rather than hyperactivity/impulsivity even at this young age. Finally, age 6 complex inhibition was shown to act as a mediator in the relations between simple inhibition and selective attention at age 5 and symptoms of inattention at age 7. These findings provide novel longitudinal support for the theory that fundamental EF components show a progression with age toward more complex executive control (see Garon et al. Psychological Bulletin 134(1):31-60 2008). Further, complex inhibition, implicating both inhibition and WM, seems to be a particularly strong correlate of ADHD symptoms in young children and should as such be the focus of future studies examining the relation between cognitive function and ADHD symptoms from a developmental perspective.

show abstract

Children's Self‐Regulation and Executive Control

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Self‐regulation is essential for adaptive behavior in everyday contexts that become increasingly elaborated and complex through childhood and adolescence. Here, we review literature and discuss our own findings regarding the development of executive control ( EC ) skills that support gains in self‐regulation over the preschool years. Children's accuracy on executive inhibitory control, working memory, and flexibility tasks increases dramatically between 3 and 4 years of age, paralleling both quantitative and qualitative changes in neural volume and connectivity. Levels of proficiency on these EC measures are strongly tied to children's sociofamilial backgrounds, and particularly to family financial resources that facilitate access to learning materials and supports. Moreover, our data indicate that children's level of performance on EC tasks administered during preschool mediates the relation of family financial resources to children's mathematical achievement in early kindergarten. Collectively, findings indicate that the acquisition of EC represents a critical developmental task of early childhood and provides a platform for wellbeing across academic and socioemotional domains.

show abstract

Early concurrent and longitudinal symptoms of ADHD and ODD: relations to different types of inhibitory control and working memory

Abstract: This study emphasizes the need to isolate complex executive processes and break them down into components in order to properly understand the neuropsychological roots involved in ADHD and ODD.

Cited by 115 publications

References 47 publications

Heterogeneity in ADHD: Neuropsychological Pathways, Comorbidity and Symptom Domains

Heterogeneity in ADHD: Neuropsychological Pathways, Comorbidity and Symptom Domains

Interrelations Between Executive Function and Symptoms of Hyperactivity/Impulsivity and Inattention in Preschoolers: A Two Year Longitudinal Study

Children's Self‐Regulation and Executive Control

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About