Early Cretaceous Aleyrodidae (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha) from the Lebanese amber

Drohojowska, Jowita; Szwedo, Jacek

doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2014.03.015

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Like other Sternorrhyncha representatives, whiteflies are plant sap-sucking pests. Fossil inclusions can only be found in amber (Drohojowska and Szwedo 2015;Szwedo and Drohojowska 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These features tend to be mentioned only in supplements to the keys describing the larval stages of aleyrodids (Hodges and Evans 2005). However, Drohojowska and Szwedo (2015) studied fossil whitefly genera from Lebanese amber and showed some diagnostic features for the adult stage. These authors, as well as Martin (2007), emphasized that there is a lack of descriptive characters of adult whiteflies, which limits descriptive and comparative work between fossils and extant taxa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and histological study of the forewing of Aleyrodes proletella (Linnaeus 1758) (Sternorrhyncha, Hemiptera) with a comparative analysis of forewings among Sternorrhyncha infraorders

2019

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Identification of whiteflies is based mainly on larval stages and generally very little is known about wings of these insects. Therefore, both sides of the forewings of Aleyrodes proletella were studied using histological methods, light and scanning electron microscopes. Studies confirm the occurrence of only three veins on forewings: the costal, radial and anal ones; only the anal vein lies under the anal fold. A campaniform and trichoid sensilla are present. The shape of wax secretions and wing margins is described. The comparative analysis of forewing structures contains new data for all Sternorrhyncha infraorders. The current results confirm the monophyly of the group, but place aphids closer to psyllids. The analysis of forewing base indicates that its general model is similar among Sternorrhyncha, but there occur some intergroup differences. Ways of wing folding depend on the structure of thorax.

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“…Like other Sternorrhyncha representatives, whiteflies are plant sap-sucking pests. Fossil inclusions can only be found in amber (Drohojowska and Szwedo 2015;Szwedo and Drohojowska 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and histological study of the forewing of Aleyrodes proletella (Linnaeus 1758) (Sternorrhyncha, Hemiptera) with a comparative analysis of forewings among Sternorrhyncha infraorders

2019

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“…Whiteflies (Sternorrhyncha:Aleyrodidae) are composed mainly by two subfamilies, the Aleurodicinae and the Aleyrodinae. These two subfamilies probably originated between the Jurassic (Drohojowska and Szwedo, 2015; Shcherbakov, 2000) and the Middle Cretaceous (Campbell et al, 1994). While the Aleyrodinae contains the largest number of species described so far (140 genera, 1440 species), the Aleurodicinae has a relatively low number of described species (17 genera, 120 species) (Ouvrard and Martin, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

To B or not to B: Arsenophonus as a source of B-vitamins in whiteflies

Santos-García

Juravel

Freilich

et al. 2018

Preprint

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and francisco.silva@uv.es AbstractInsect lineages feeding on nutritionally restricted diets such as phloem, xylem, or blood, were able to diversify by acquiring bacterial species that complemented the missing nutrients. These bacteria, considered obligate/primary endosymbionts, share a long evolutionary history with their hosts. In some cases, however, these endosymbionts are not able to fulfill all the nutritional requirements of their host, driving the acquisition of additional symbiotic species. Whiteflies, which feed on phloem, established an obligate relationship with Candidatus Portiera aleyrodidarum, who provides essential amino acids and carotenoids to the host. As many Whiteflies species harbor additional endosymbionts, they could provide their hosts with missing nutrients. To test this hypothesis, genomes of several endosymbionts from the whiteflies Aleurodicus dispersus, A. floccissimus and Trialeurodes vaporariorum were sequenced and analyzed. All three species were found to harbor an endosymbiont from the genus Arsenophonus, and the two former also host Wolbachia. A comparative analysis of the three Arsenophonus genomes revealed that although all of them are capable of synthesizing B-vitamins and cofactors, such as pyridoxal, riboflavin, or folate, their genomes and phylogenetic relationship vary greatly. Arsenophonus of A. floccissimus and T. vaporariorum belong to the same clade and display characteristics of facultative endosymbionts, such as large genomes (3 Mb) with thousands of genes, many pseudogenes, intermediate GC content, and mobile genetic elements (MGEs). In contrast, Arsenophonus of A. dispersus belongs to a different lineage and displays the characteristics of a primary endosymbiont, such as a reduced genome (670 kb) with 400 genes, 32% GC content, and no MGEs. However, the presence of 274 pseudogenes suggests that this symbiotic association is more recent than other reported hemipteran's primary endosymbionts. Arsenophonus of A. dispersus gene repertoire is completely integrated in the symbiotic consortia, and the biosynthesis of most vitamins occurs in shared pathways with its host. In addition, Wolbachia have also retained the ability to produce riboflavin, FAD, and folate, and may have a nutritional contribution. Taken together, our results show that Arsenophonus have a pivotal place in whiteflies nutrition by their ability to produce B-vitamins, even if they diverge and/or go through a genome reduction process.

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“…The Aleyrodidae WESTWOOD, 1840, commonly known as whiteflies, is a family of Sternorrhyncha (Hemiptera) common in tropical and subtropical zones worldwide, with far fewer species in temperate zones. The subfamilies of Aleyrodidae currently recognized are the extinct Bernaeinae SHCHERBAKOV, 2000, and the recent ones Aleurodicinae QUAINTANCE et BAKER, 1913, Aleyrodinae WESTWOOD, 1840and Udamoselinae ENDERLEIN, 1909(DROHOJOWSKA & SZWEDO 2011a, 2011b, 2013a, 2013b, 2015; the taxonomic status of the last mentioned is disputed (SHCHERBAKOV 2000, MARTIN 2007.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fossil record of whiteflies stretches back to the Jurassic (SHCHERBAKOV 2000, DROHOJOWSKA & SZWEDO 2015. Several taxa have been described from Lower Cretaceous amber of Lebanon (SCHLEE 1970, DROHOJOWSKA & SZWEDO 2013a, 2015, early Eocene amber of Oise, France (DROHOJOWSKA & SZWEDO 2013b) and Eocene Baltic amber (MENGE 1856, DROHOJOWSKA & SZWEDO 2011b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New genus and species of Aleyrodidae from Eocene Baltic amber (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodomorpha)

Drohojowska¹,

Perkovsky²,

Szwedo³

2015

Polish Journal of Entomology

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A new genus Rovnodicus gen. n., with new species Rovnodicus wojciechowskii sp. n. is described from Eocene Rovno amber, Ukraine. It is placed in the subfamily Aleurodicinae. It is the first whitefly from this fossil source. Its morphological features and taxonomic position with respect to other Aleurodicinae from the Eocene are briefly discussed. The article outlines the influences of this finding on discussions of the origin, age and taxonomic similarities between Baltic amber from Ukraine and that from the Gulf of Gdańsk and Bitterfeld as well as on palaeoecological reconstructions of the fossil site. The name ‘Aleurochiton eozaenicus Weigelt 1940’, mentioned as the fossil puparium of a whitefly from the Middle Eocene Geiseltal Fossillagerstätte appears to be nomen nudum.

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Early Cretaceous Aleyrodidae (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha) from the Lebanese amber

Cited by 25 publications

References 44 publications

Morphological and histological study of the forewing of Aleyrodes proletella (Linnaeus 1758) (Sternorrhyncha, Hemiptera) with a comparative analysis of forewings among Sternorrhyncha infraorders

Morphological and histological study of the forewing of Aleyrodes proletella (Linnaeus 1758) (Sternorrhyncha, Hemiptera) with a comparative analysis of forewings among Sternorrhyncha infraorders

To B or not to B: Arsenophonus as a source of B-vitamins in whiteflies

New genus and species of Aleyrodidae from Eocene Baltic amber (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodomorpha)

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