Early Cretaceous displacement on the Tanymas thrust fault, Northern Pamir, Tajikistan, and regional tectonic implications

Villarreal, D. P.; Robinson, Alexander C.; Chapman, James B.; Carrapa, Bárbara; Oimuhammadzoda, Ilhomjon; Gadoev, Mustafo; Li, Yipeng

doi:10.1016/j.jaesx.2023.100147

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Previous studies suggested that the Neo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere subducted northward along the SSZ beneath the Karakoram terrane (Fraser et al, 2001;Bouilhol et al, 2013;Kumar et al, 2017;Chapman et al, 2018a). This resulted in a combination of continental arc magmatism in the South Pamir and the development of the thrust belt in the North Pamir and Central Pamir (Robinson et al, 2004;Imrecke et al, 2019;Li et al, 2022;Villarreal et al, 2023), forming an Andean style orogenic belt, similar to the western North American Cordillera (Dickinson et al, 1978;Gutscher et al, 2000;Axen et al, 2018). Thus, it is reasonable to deduce that the Early Cretaceous intrusive rocks have similar Andean-type continental arc-related fingerprints and have developed along the Neo-Tethys oceanic subduction zone.…”

Section: Onset Of Andean-type Continental Arcmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Research on low-temperature thermochronology, sedimentary petrology and metamorphic petrology show that Early Cretaceous (ca. 140-110 Ma) crustal shortening and thickening appears to be focused along the North Pamir (Robinson et al, 2012;Robinson, 2015;Villarreal et al, 2023). This is manifested in the amphibolite-facies metamorphism at ca.…”

Section: Implications For the Correlation Of Early Cretaceous S-type ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is manifested in the amphibolite-facies metamorphism at ca. 130-110 Ma (Robinson et al, 2004), broadly coeval exhumation in the hanging wall of thrusts (Robinson et al, 2007;Imrecke et al, 2019;Villarreal et al, 2023), as well as the widespread occurrence of thrust fault movement in the North Pamir (Chapman et al, 2018b;Li et al, 2022;Villarreal et al, 2023). These observations, combined with Taxkorgan syn-collisional granites, suggest the subduction of the Neo-Tethys oceanic slab resulted in compressive deformation primarily occurring far north of the subduction zone during the Early Cretaceous, which also caused a general lack of magmatism in this area (Ma et al, 2023).…”

Section: Implications For the Correlation Of Early Cretaceous S-type ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These observations, combined with Taxkorgan syn-collisional granites, suggest the subduction of the Neo-Tethys oceanic slab resulted in compressive deformation primarily occurring far north of the subduction zone during the Early Cretaceous, which also caused a general lack of magmatism in this area (Ma et al, 2023). This compression-dominated environment also resulted in significant crustal thickening in the Pamir during the Early Cretaceous (Li et al, 2022;Ma et al, 2023;Villarreal et al, 2023). Following this period, prograde metamorphism indicates southward migration of crustal shortening and thickening into the Central Pamir and South Pamir have occurred during ca.…”

Section: Implications For the Correlation Of Early Cretaceous S-type ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Cretaceous continental arc magmatism in the Wakhan Corridor, South Pamir: Mantle evolution and geodynamic processes during flat subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic slab

Yang,

Yin,

Xiao

et al. 2024

Geological Society of America Bulletin

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The petrogenesis of continental arc magmas provides critical insights into thermal evolution and geodynamics of the continental lithosphere, crust-mantle interaction, and deep dynamic processes. In this study, we report new zircon U-Pb ages along with isotopic and elemental whole-rock geochemistry, mineral chemistry, and Hf-O isotope data for the Kalaqigu diorites and monzogranites of the Chinese Wakhan Corridor, South Pamir. Zircon U-Pb dating indicates that the Kalaqigu pluton was emplaced in the Early Cretaceous (ca. 108−106 Ma). The diorites are geochemically characterized by low SiO2 (51.9−54.5 wt%) and CaO (7.7−9.4 wt%) contents, but high MgO (5.3−8.3 wt%), Al2O3 (12.8−16.8 wt%), and TiO2 (0.6−1.1 wt%) contents as well as high Mg# (56−65) values. Thus, they are similar to high-Mg diorites: enriched in large ion lithophile elements (e.g., K, Sr, and Ba) and light rare earth elements, while depleted in high field strength elements (i.e., Nb, Ta, Zr, and Hf). Combined with negative εNd(t) (−6.9 to −14.0) and εHf(t) (−9.9 to −12.2), and high (87Sr/86Sr)i (0.7075−0.7086) ratios, these observations indicate that they originated from an enriched lithospheric mantle source. High δ18Ozrn (7.49‰−9.01‰) values, in conjunction with relatively high 207Pb/206Pb and 208Pb/206Pb ratios, suggest that the source was modified by subducted sediment-derived melts. Variable Cr contents (54−117 ppm) are likely controlled by minor fractionation of olivine and orthopyroxene. The monzogranites show high SiO2 contents (69.2−72.0 wt%), and low Rb/Sr (0.4−0.6), (K2O + Na2O)/CaO (2.6−4.8), and FeOT/MgO ratios (2.6−3.2). They contain diagnostic cordierite and show strongly peraluminous characteristics (A/CNK > 1.1) with high δ18Ozrn (7.82‰−8.85‰) values that are compatible with those of typical S-type granites. Their abundant inherited zircons, with age populations similar to those of detrital zircons from regional early Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks, indicate that they were derived from partial melting of ancient metasedimentary rocks. Phase equilibrium modeling is consistent with biotite-dehydration melting of metagreywacke, probably at ∼750 °C and ∼6.0 kbar, as indicated by the biotite chemistry. Based on regional geochronology, a south-to-north magmatic migration suggests that northward flat-slab subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic slab played an important role in the generation of these widespread Early Cretaceous continental arc magmatic rocks. However, the granitoids were generated earlier than the mantle-derived mafic rocks, which suggests that crustal melting occurred during the early stage of subduction. The continuous flat-subduction resulted in partial melting of subducted sediments, which metasomatized the mantle wedge. Contemporaneous regional compression primarily occurred far north of the subduction zone (i.e., North and Central Pamir), inducing deformation as well as crustal shortening. With the flare-up of continental arc magmatism in South Pamir, crustal shortening moved southward. These processes, combined with the addition of voluminous, mantle-derived magmas, played an important role in crustal thickening in Pamir during the Early Cretaceous.

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Section: Onset Of Andean-type Continental Arcmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Implications For the Correlation Of Early Cretaceous S-type ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications For the Correlation Of Early Cretaceous S-type ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications For the Correlation Of Early Cretaceous S-type ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Cretaceous continental arc magmatism in the Wakhan Corridor, South Pamir: Mantle evolution and geodynamic processes during flat subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic slab

Yang,

Yin,

Xiao

et al. 2024

Geological Society of America Bulletin

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“…1A), formed due to the late Paleozoic-early Mesozoic accretion of the Kunlun, Karakul-Mazar, central Pamir, and southern Pamir terranes (Fig. 1B; Burtman and Molnar, 1993;Burtman, 2010;Robinson et al, 2004Robinson et al, , 2012Robinson, 2015;Angiolini et al, 2013;Villarreal et al, 2020;Chen et al, 2021;Li et al, 2022;Rembe et al, 2022) and the late Mesozoic-Cenozoic intracontinental deformation caused by northward subduction of the Neo-Tethys oceanic slab and subsequent collision of the Indian and Asian plates (Burtman and Molnar, 1993;Sobel and Dumitru, 1997;Robinson et al, 2004;Cowgill, 2010;Bershaw et al, 2012;Sobel et al, 2011Sobel et al, , 2013Cao et al, 2013a;Robinson, 2015;Rutte et al, 2017aRutte et al, , 2017bChapman et al, 2018;Worthington et al, 2020;Cai et al, 2021;Li et al, 2022;Villarreal et al, 2023). In this convergent setting, igneous and medium-to high-grade (575-830 °C/6-22 kbar) metamorphic rocks were initially exhumed in the early Miocene in the Pamir interior in a series of gneiss domes that formed by detachment faulting associated with ∼N-S extension (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Miocene to present synchronous extension and contraction in the eastern Pamir: Insights from inversion of thermochronologic data across the southern Muztaghata dome

Chen,

Fellin,

Willett

et al. 2023

Geological Society of America Bulletin

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Late Cenozoic gneiss domes cover ∼30% of the surface of the Pamir salient in the northwestern end of the India−Asia collision zone. The highest peaks of the Pamir are in the east, where the ∼250-km-long, ∼N−S-trending Kongur Shan extensional system controls the topography. We combined 115 new apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He and zircon (U-Th)/He single-grain dates from 18 samples and previous thermochronologic data with three-dimensional thermokinematic models to constrain the thermo-tectonic history of the southern portion of the Muztaghata dome, one of the largest gneiss domes in the eastern Pamir. The new cooling dates from the western boundary of the southern Muztaghata dome generally increase with distance from the southern Kongur Shan fault and are related to normal faulting along the fault at near-surface levels over the last 6.5 m.y. The new dates across the central−eastern portion of the dome outline the previously recorded U-shaped date pattern at a higher spatial resolution. The modeling indicates that this pattern is most likely the result of uplift and erosion above a flat-ramp-flat thrust fault at depth over the last 7 m.y. Modeling does not resolve how topographic changes may have affected the observed distribution of cooling dates, but it indicates a faster thrust-slip rate associated with an increase in relief and a slower one associated with steady-state topography. Our results suggest that the modern topography along the southern Muztaghata dome, similar to the rest of the eastern Pamir salient, is shaped by normal faulting at shallow depth, but its growth may still be governed by contraction and crustal thickening at depth.

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Constraining the exhumation history of the northwestern margin of Tibet with a comparison to the adjacent Pamir

Zhang,

Najman,

et al. 2024

JGS

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Regional variations in the evolution of the Tibetan plateau has important implications for our understanding of crustal deformation processes. The evolution of the NW margin of the plateau and its transition to the Pamir to the west is one under-studied region. We focus on this region with a multi-technique detrital study of two sedimentary sections in the Tarim Basin. Our provenance data show that an appreciable component of the detrital material in the sedimentary sections was derived from the Songpan-Ganzi – Tianshuihai composite terrane, with some contribution from the Karakoram and/or the West Qiangtang. Given the proximity of the West Kunlun to the sedimentary sections under study, and its long history of exhumation, this terrane in all likelihood also contributed to the studied successions. Our thermochronological data record phases of exhumation in the hinterland in the Triassic, Early Cretaceous and Oligo-Miocene. Similar to the Pamir, the Triassic and Oligo-Miocene periods of exhumation are attributed to the Cimmerian and Himalayan orogenies respectively. The Early Cretaceous signal may reflect the distal effects of the Lhasa–Qiangtang collision. Coevality with deformation in Pamir suggests a coupled geodynamic system, with retroarc deformation associated with NeoTethyan subduction in the west, and terrane accretion in the east. Supplementary material: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.7040686

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Early Cretaceous displacement on the Tanymas thrust fault, Northern Pamir, Tajikistan, and regional tectonic implications

Cited by 3 publications

References 56 publications

Early Cretaceous continental arc magmatism in the Wakhan Corridor, South Pamir: Mantle evolution and geodynamic processes during flat subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic slab

Early Cretaceous continental arc magmatism in the Wakhan Corridor, South Pamir: Mantle evolution and geodynamic processes during flat subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic slab

Late Miocene to present synchronous extension and contraction in the eastern Pamir: Insights from inversion of thermochronologic data across the southern Muztaghata dome

Constraining the exhumation history of the northwestern margin of Tibet with a comparison to the adjacent Pamir

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