Early Cretaceous (Valanginian and Hauterivian) belemnites and organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts from a marine hydrothermal vent site and adjacent facies of the Mecsek Mts., Hungary
“…Submarine volcanic bodies were reported from other places in the eastern Mecsek Mountains and have been thoroughly investigated (Mauritz, 1913, 1958; Bilik, 1974, 1983). Simultaneously with the volcanism, a sedimentary iron ore body was deposited (Sztrókay, 1952; Pantó et al, 1955; Molnár, 1961) southeast of the volcanic center that hosted a rich marine fauna (Fülöp in Hetényi et al, 1968; Bujtor, 2006, 2007; Bujtor and Szinger, 2018; Bujtor et al, 2013). Figure 2.Palaeogeographic position of the Tisza Mega-Unit microplate including the Mecsek Mountains in the earliest Cretaceous.…”
Section: Geologic Settingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The section (Fig. 3) is an artificial cut prepared for fossil collecting on the western slope of the Dezső Rezső Valley reported in detail by Bujtor (2006, 2007, 2012b), Bujtor and Szinger (2018), and Bujtor et al (2013). The section traverses the volcano-sedimentary succession of the Mecsekjános Basalt Formation and the overlying Apátvarasd Limestone Formation.…”
Section: Geologic Settingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A submarine origin is revealed by vesicles (1–6 mm in diameter) in the chilled margin of the pillows. A red, fossiliferous limestone bed rests concordantly upon the volcanic surface and alternates with the iron ore beds and provided large but fragmentary and reworked phylloceratid and lytoceratid ammonites, e.g., Lytoceras subfimbriatum (d’Orbigny, 1841) (Bujtor, 2012a), belemnite rostra (Bujtor et al, 2013), a rich and almost monotypic brachiopod assemblage (Bujtor, 2006, 2007, 2011, 2012a, b), echinoid spines (Bujtor, 2012a), and some internal molds of poorly preserved gastropods. Thin sections (Fig.…”
Section: Geologic Settingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Bujtor et al (2013) defined the age of the sequence. Based on dinoflagellates and belemnites, the age of the fossiliferous layers is upper Valanginian–lower Hauterivian, which strengthens the conclusions of Fülöp (in Hetényi et al, 1968).…”
The small, Lower Cretaceous, iron ore deposit at Zengővárkony (Mecsek Mountains, southern Hungary, Europe) contains new brachiopod taxa of kingenoid relationships. Dictyothyropsis vogli, Zittelina hofmanni, and Smirnovina ferraria are described as new species from late Valanginian to earliest Hauterivian strata. The new taxa strengthen the presence of Early Cretaceous biogeographical connections with the Western Carpathians and the Pieniny Klippen Belt of southern Poland. The newly described taxa have significantly larger dimensions than their closest relatives from the type localities, which is in line with previous research on brachiopods from this environment. These brachiopods lived in a nutrient-rich, unique environment related to iron-ore deposition linked to former hydrothermal activity on the seafloor that might have contributed to the large size of these brachiopods. Larger than normal rhynchonellide and terebratulidine brachiopods have previously been recorded from this locality.UUID: http://zoobank.org/353882-2838-4eb7-b21a-8cc665d13408
“…Submarine volcanic bodies were reported from other places in the eastern Mecsek Mountains and have been thoroughly investigated (Mauritz, 1913, 1958; Bilik, 1974, 1983). Simultaneously with the volcanism, a sedimentary iron ore body was deposited (Sztrókay, 1952; Pantó et al, 1955; Molnár, 1961) southeast of the volcanic center that hosted a rich marine fauna (Fülöp in Hetényi et al, 1968; Bujtor, 2006, 2007; Bujtor and Szinger, 2018; Bujtor et al, 2013). Figure 2.Palaeogeographic position of the Tisza Mega-Unit microplate including the Mecsek Mountains in the earliest Cretaceous.…”
Section: Geologic Settingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The section (Fig. 3) is an artificial cut prepared for fossil collecting on the western slope of the Dezső Rezső Valley reported in detail by Bujtor (2006, 2007, 2012b), Bujtor and Szinger (2018), and Bujtor et al (2013). The section traverses the volcano-sedimentary succession of the Mecsekjános Basalt Formation and the overlying Apátvarasd Limestone Formation.…”
Section: Geologic Settingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A submarine origin is revealed by vesicles (1–6 mm in diameter) in the chilled margin of the pillows. A red, fossiliferous limestone bed rests concordantly upon the volcanic surface and alternates with the iron ore beds and provided large but fragmentary and reworked phylloceratid and lytoceratid ammonites, e.g., Lytoceras subfimbriatum (d’Orbigny, 1841) (Bujtor, 2012a), belemnite rostra (Bujtor et al, 2013), a rich and almost monotypic brachiopod assemblage (Bujtor, 2006, 2007, 2011, 2012a, b), echinoid spines (Bujtor, 2012a), and some internal molds of poorly preserved gastropods. Thin sections (Fig.…”
Section: Geologic Settingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Bujtor et al (2013) defined the age of the sequence. Based on dinoflagellates and belemnites, the age of the fossiliferous layers is upper Valanginian–lower Hauterivian, which strengthens the conclusions of Fülöp (in Hetényi et al, 1968).…”
The small, Lower Cretaceous, iron ore deposit at Zengővárkony (Mecsek Mountains, southern Hungary, Europe) contains new brachiopod taxa of kingenoid relationships. Dictyothyropsis vogli, Zittelina hofmanni, and Smirnovina ferraria are described as new species from late Valanginian to earliest Hauterivian strata. The new taxa strengthen the presence of Early Cretaceous biogeographical connections with the Western Carpathians and the Pieniny Klippen Belt of southern Poland. The newly described taxa have significantly larger dimensions than their closest relatives from the type localities, which is in line with previous research on brachiopods from this environment. These brachiopods lived in a nutrient-rich, unique environment related to iron-ore deposition linked to former hydrothermal activity on the seafloor that might have contributed to the large size of these brachiopods. Larger than normal rhynchonellide and terebratulidine brachiopods have previously been recorded from this locality.UUID: http://zoobank.org/353882-2838-4eb7-b21a-8cc665d13408
“…Altogether, these species make up the most diverse crustacean microcoprolite locality of the Mesozoic (Bujtor 2012a). Recent research (Bujtor 2012a(Bujtor , 2012bBujtor et al 2013) is focused on paleoenvironments and reported previously unknown dinoflagellates and belemnites from the iron ore body and nearby. Bujtor (2012a) reported a remarkably rich crustacean microcoprolite ichnofauna, which is of special importance to this paleoenvironment.…”
The Late Valanginian-Early Hauterivian iron ore deposit and related formations at Zengővárkony (Mecsek Mts., South Hungary) provided a relatively rich microfauna of foraminifera, crustacean microcoprolites, and sponge spicules. Benthic foraminifera are recognized in decreasing abundance: Glomospira cf. gordialis (Jones and Parker 1860), Lenticulina sp., Spirillina sp., Nodosaria sp., Epistomina sp., and Trocholina sp. A Hedbergella sp. indicates the presence of planktonic foraminifera around the ore deposit. Besides this microfauna, sponge spicules (diactine-type criccorhabds and anactine-type rhax forms) are first recorded from this environment. Rock-forming quantities of various ichnospecies of crustacean microcoprolites are recorded. Favreina hexaochetarius, Palaxius tetraochetarius, and Palaxius decaochetarius isp. provided statistically evaluated quantities in thin sections, which point to a complete crustacean ichnofauna from juveniles to adults. Four different microfossil assemblages are recognized from the Apátvarasd Limestone Fm: (a) Glomospira-dominated foraminifer assemblage, (b) diverse crustacean microcoprolite assemblage dominated by Palaxius, (c) monotypic Favreina assemblage, and (d) diverse sponge-dominated assemblage. These assemblages are similar to that of the Recent Aegean Sea hydrothermal field communities. The remains of an undetermined crinoid from dissolved rock sample may indicate a vivid sea-bottom environment.
A fairly preserved ammonite of Early Cretaceous age from the Mecsek Mountains, southern Hungary is described. Tescheniceras subpachydicranum is the first record of late Valanginian ammonites from the Mecsek tectonic zone from a previously unknown locality indicating the uppermost Valanginian Criosarasinella furcillata Zone. This is the first ammonite-supported evidence for the presence of upper Valanginian strata in the Mecsek Mountains that stretches the time-span of the continuous basinal sedimentation from the beginning of the Berriasian till the Valanginian. The new finding raises the possibility for the presence of the Hauterivian strata too, which was never recognised by ammonites.
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