Early Detection Assessment Tools in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Study

Abstract

The high prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) necessitates acquiring early detection tools that can lead to appropriate interventions for children and assist children in performing as many life functions as possible. In addition, early detection tools for ASD can realize quality early childhood development. This study aims to review various types of assessments for early detection of ASD in children using the literature review method. The following articles are from the website https://eric.ed.gov/ as search engine for scientific articles. Using the keywords “autism spectrum disorder assessment tools” and “early detection for autism,” then peer-reviewed only and year filters since 2018, 2,829 articles were found. Then from the identified articles, they are re-elected based on title, abstract, and time of publication to produce 16 articles whose early detection tool was tested on more than 50 participants and began at the earliest possible age. The results show that various screening and diagnostic tools for ASD prioritize areas such as social communication, behavioral problems, emotional problems, sensory regulatory issues, and engagement issues. The instrument’s limitations, which include an expensive price, a lengthy process, the need for expert involvement, and cultural differences, create a growing gap that must be bridged immediately.

Literature Study: Visual Support Design as Assistive Technology for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

“…Generally, children with ASD not only have the Autism Trias but also have comorbid disorders. Executive Function and Central Coherence contributed greatly to their delay in understanding schedule sequences and interpreting information comprehensively (Demetriou et al, 2019;Happé, 1997;Klin & Jones, 2006;Cahyadi et al, 2022). This condition is a meeting point that children with ASD need tools to understand simple and clear sequences of activities.…”

Development of Communications Identification Matrix of Early Screening for Autism Children

“…Consequently, people with disabilities have the equal right to get access to qualified preschool education. Before accessing that right, these people with disabilities also have the right to get early intervention as additional assistance for their education (Cahyadi et al, 2022). This intervention seeks to improve and maximize children's development in conjunction with teacher aid and the care of children with developmental delays.…”

“…Besides, it also represents other developmental issues in children that directly affect their verbal and non-verbal communication skills, as well as their social interaction. Various screening and diagnostic tools for ASD prioritize areas such as social communication, behavioral problems, emotional problems, sensory regulatory issues, and engagement issue (Cahyadi, et al, 2022). The issues in children's communication become the most substantial problem for children with autism.…”