Early detection of coronary artery disease in patients studied with magnetocardiography: An automatic classification system based on signal entropy

Unshielded magnetocardiography: Repeatability and reproducibility of automatically estimated ventricular repolarization parameters in 204 healthy subjects

“…Given the theoretical and technical advantages of MCG in detecting ischemic electrophysiological events and their DC components noninvasively (Cohen, Savard, & Rifkin, ), with reported predictive accuracy comparable with that of SPECT (Bakharev, ; Shin et al., ; Steinberg et al., ; Steinisch et al., ; Tolstrup et al., ), once the drawbacks and complexity of cryogenic instrumentations and/or of expensive heavy electromagnetic shielding will be overcome, (Kwong et al., ; Shin et al., ; Steinisch et al., ), its use in emergency departments for quick and early triage of chest pain patients with still normal 12‐lead ECG and high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin assays is foreseen as an attractive radiation‐free option to rule out acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and to reduce indication to stress SPECT and CT coronary angiography (Bakharev, ; Shin et al., ; Steinberg et al., ; Steinisch et al., ; Tolstrup et al., ). Still, the need of liquid helium and related costs of cryogenic instrumentations may be a limitation.…”

“…MCG is a contactless alternative for faster mass screening (Mäkijärvi et al., ; Malmivuo, ; Steinhoff et al., ; Tavarozzi, Comani, Del Gratta, Romani et al., ; Wu et al., ) and radiation‐ and risk‐free method for three‐dimensional electro‐anatomical imaging through passive detection of CMF (Agarwal et al., ; Brisinda et al., ; Brockmeier et al., ; Fenici, Brisinda, Meloni, Sternickel, & Fenici, ; Hailer, Van Leeuwen et al., ; Kandori et al., ; Kwon et al., ; Kwong et al., ; Leithäuser et al., ; Li et al., ; Lim et al., ; Ogata et al., ; Park & Hill, ; Park et al., , ; Shin et al., ; Steinisch et al., ; Tolstrup et al., ; Wu et al., ), which is directly related primary electrophysiological source (the impressed current), thus containing information undetectable with ECG (Fenici, Brisinda, & Meloni, ; Tavarozzi, Comani, Del Gratta, Di Luzio et al., ). VR analysis is considered one of the most useful applications of MCG, mainly to recognize ischemic, inflammatory, or degenerative abnormalities (Tavarozzi, Comani, Del Gratta, Di Luzio et al., ).…”

“…A first limitation of this study is that, to avoid any subjective bias in the interpretation, only the T‐wave parameters automatically calculated by the proprietary software were evaluated. Thus, our results can be applied as normality reference only when using the same or equivalent automatic analysis methods (Steinisch et al., ). On the other hand, this does not detract the value of the study because so far, the normality values available in previous investigation were obtained from limited cohorts of local volunteers (Steinberg et al., ; Tolstrup et al., ) or unpublished.…”

“…Compared to the electrocardiogram (ECG), MCG provides additional information, being CMF less affected by tissue conductivities, and is more sensitive to tangential currents, and capable to detect vortex currents too (Brockmeier et al., ; Fenici Brisinda, & Meloni ). Although mainly confined in research laboratories, MCG is increasingly used to study cardiac arrhythmias (Fenici, Brisinda, Venuti, & Sorbo, ; Fenici, Brisinda, & Meloni, ; Kwong, Leithäuser, Park, & Yu, ; Mäkijärvi et al., ) and ventricular repolarization (VR) abnormalities (VRa) due to different cardiopathy (Kawakami et al., ), especially ischemic heart disease (IHD) (Agarwal, Saini, Alyousef, & Umscheid, ; Brisinda, Bottelli, Napolitano, Priori, & Fenici, ; Fenici, Brisinda, Meloni, Sternickel, & Fenici, ; Hailer, Chaikovsky, Auth‐Eisernitz, Schäfer, & Van Leeuwen, ; Kandori et al., ; Kwon et al., ; Leithäuser, Park, Hill, Lam, & Jung, ; Li et al., ; Lim et al., ; Ogata et al., ; Park & Hill, ; Park, Leithäuser, Hill, & Jung, ; Park et al., ; Shin et al., ; Steinisch et al., ; Tolstrup et al., ; Wu et al., ).…”

A simplified HTc rf SQUID to analyze the human cardiac magnetic field

“…Successful results have been reported in clinically relevant applications. [1][2][3][25][26][27][28] Our practical studies can provide 3D imaging, isomagnetic field maps and CMDs at T wave with sufficient spatial resolution. These results are considered as a major argument for IHD.…”