Early Development of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Following Kidney Transplantation: Possible Role of Multiple Serum Cytokines

Burke, George W.; Cirocco, Robert; Markou, M.; Temple, J. Donald; Allouch, Mustafa; Roth, David; Nery, Jose; Miller, Joshua

doi:10.3109/10428199509059673

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 36 publications

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“…Azathioprine, in particular, may have mutagenic effects. Direct carcinogenesis, activation of oncogenic viruses, chromosomal aberrations/ translocations, genetic susceptibility of transplant recipients, growth factors, and cytokines are other potential causative factors [16]. Our patient was treated with both anti-rejection and anti-neoplastic agents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Myeloid Leukemia 4 Years After Kaposi’s Sarcoma in a Renal Transplant Recipient

Karakuş¹,

Özyılkan²,

Akçali³

et al. 2004

Oncol Res Treat

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Background: Leukemia is a well-known complication of cancer therapy, but development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after renal transplantation is rare. Immunosuppressive therapy for organ transplant recipients is complicated by high rates of malignant disease, one condition being Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS). Case report: A 22-year-old woman developed KS 1 year after renal transplantation, and then developed AML another 4 years later. When KS was diagnosed it was already in extensive stage, and she received ABV combination chemotherapy with doxorubicin plus bleomycin plus vincristine intravenously (i.v.) once daily every 2 weeks. She entered remission but the KS relapsed and 8 cycles of i.v. etoposide monotherapy were given and she re-entered remission. 19 months later, the patient was admitted to hospital with severe malaise, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. The diagnosis was AML (FABM4). The patient received induction chemotherapy consisting of cytarabine and idarubicin. After completion of this induction therapy she developed neutropenic infection, dyspnea and confusion. Her condition deteriorated rapidly after that, and she died. Conclusion: KS is one of the most common malignancies in renal allograft recipients, whereas AML is a less frequent problem. To our knowledge, this is the first published case of these two different malignancies developing after renal transplantation. The pathogenesis of the AML is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Myeloid Leukemia 4 Years After Kaposi’s Sarcoma in a Renal Transplant Recipient

Karakuş¹,

Özyılkan²,

Akçali³

et al. 2004

Oncol Res Treat

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Acute leukaemia following renal transplantation

et al. 1996

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Four renal transplant patients on immunosuppressive therapy who presented with acute myeloid leukaemia are described. In two cases, azathioprine may have played an important role as a cofactor in leukaemogenesis. In a third case, the alkylating agent cyclophosphamide may have contributed. All patients were treated for leukaemia with full doses of cytotoxic chemotherapy and, in each case, a functioning renal allograft was preserved throughout the treatment despite attenuation of immunosuppressive therapy. Three patients achieved complete remission. Of the three, one is surviving at 2 years and two expired during the pancytopenic phase of their treatment with no active leukaemia present, and with intact renal function. As increasing expertise in the field of organ transplantation allows patients to survive longer, such patients' exposure to immunosuppressive and potentially leukaemogenic drugs is prolonged. The risk of secondary neoplasia has been previously documented in this population. Two of the four cases reported here suffered from polycystic kidney disease as their underlying condition. While this report suggests that the leukaemias are related to renal transplantation, we cannot rule out an association with the underlying disease which led to the transplant. This report further suggests that the leukaemia that develops in such patients may respond to standard therapy, and that such treatment does not compromise the transplanted kidney.

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An Unusual Case of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Infiltration of the Renal Allograft: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Manohar

Sathick

Grande

et al. 2017

Transplantation Proceedings

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Early Development of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Following Kidney Transplantation: Possible Role of Multiple Serum Cytokines

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

Acute Myeloid Leukemia 4 Years After Kaposi’s Sarcoma in a Renal Transplant Recipient

Acute Myeloid Leukemia 4 Years After Kaposi’s Sarcoma in a Renal Transplant Recipient

Acute leukaemia following renal transplantation

An Unusual Case of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Infiltration of the Renal Allograft: A Case Report and Review of Literature

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