Early Development of Ocular Dominance Columns

Crowley, Justin C.; Katz, Lawrence C

doi:10.1126/science.290.5495.1321

Cited by 272 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…With respect to the development of ocular dominance columns, new data from ferrets (Crowley & Katz 2000), cats (Crair et al 1998;Rathjen & Lowel 2000) and monkeys (Horton & Hocking 1996) reveal that segregated ocular dominance domains emerge earlier than previously thought, at or even earlier than the onset of the time when their dimensions can be altered by monocular deprivation (Crowley & Katz 2002). The change in opinion concerning the neonatal state of the visual cortex raises anew questions concerning the potential influence of visually driven activity on its subsequent postnatal development.…”

Section: Key Findings and Concepts Derived From Early Animal Studies mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural mechanisms of recovery following early visual deprivation

Mitchell

Sengpiel

2008

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Natural patterned early visual input is essential for the normal development of the central visual pathways and the visual capacities they sustain. Without visual input, the functional development of the visual system stalls not far from the state at birth, and if input is distorted or biased the visual system develops in an abnormal fashion resulting in specific visual deficits. Monocular deprivation, an extreme form of biased exposure, results in large anatomical and physiological changes in terms of territory innervated by the two eyes in primary visual cortex (V1) and to a loss of vision in the deprived eye reminiscent of that in human deprivation amblyopia. We review work that points to a special role for binocular visual input in the development of V1 and vision. Our unique approach has been to provide animals with mixed visual input each day, which consists of episodes of normal and biased (monocular) exposures. Short periods of concordant binocular input, if continuous, can offset much longer episodes of monocular deprivation to allow normal development of V1 and prevent amblyopia. Studies of animal models of patching therapy for amblyopia reveal that the benefits are both heightened and prolonged by daily episodes of binocular exposure.

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Section: Key Findings and Concepts Derived From Early Animal Studies mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural mechanisms of recovery following early visual deprivation

Mitchell

Sengpiel

2008

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…ODCs form long before there is sensory input and very soon after LGN neurons arrive at layer 4 of visual cortex (Horton and Hocking, 1996;Crowley and Katz, 2000;Crair et al, 2001). As a means of determining whether retinal activity is required for the early formation of ODCs, Crowley and Katz recently conducted binocular enucleations very early in development (Crowley and Katz, 1999).…”

Section: Do Retinal Waves Play a Role In The Development Of Cortical mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of nAChR‐mediated spontaneous retinal activity in visual system development

Feller

2002

J. Neurobiol.

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ABSTRACT:In the developing vertebrate retina, nAChR synapses are among the first to appear. This early cholinergic circuitry plays a key role in generating "retinal waves," spontaneously generated waves of action potentials that sweep across the ganglion cell layer. These retinal waves exist for a short period of time during development when several circuits within the visual system are being established. Here I review the cholinergic circuitry of the developing retina and the role these early circuits play in the development of the retina itself and of retinal projections to the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus.

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“…Although it is assumed that stereotyped ORN axon projections 2,3 depend on a guidance map in the developing antennal lobe, our results imply that such cues may also be used for precise dendritic targeting of projection neurons, or that projection neuron dendrites actively participate in creating the guidance map. Independent pre-patterning of input and target ®elds has been demonstrated in the formation of vertebrate retinotectal projections along the anterior±posterior axis 16,17 , and even implicated in the development of ocular dominance columns 18 . In both systems, activity-dependent processes have important roles in re®ning the coarse map at the level of the single cell 19,20 .…”

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confidence: 99%