Early Diagenetic Siderite as an Indicator of Depositional Environment in the Triassic Rewan Group, Southern Bowen Basin, Eastern Australia

Baker, Julian C.; Kassan, Jochen; Hamilton, P. J.

doi:10.1002/9781444304459.ch8

Cited by 7 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…In addition to the outcrop and borehole data, evidence from the presence of sideritic ironstones (e.g. Mozley, ; Baker et al ., ; Lim et al ., ) supports the freshwater and non‐marine origin of these sediments. The chemical compositional trends in freshwater siderites include high Mn contents and low Mg/Ca ratios (Mozley, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Multi‐proxy approach to palaeoenvironmental modelling: the English Lower Cretaceous Weald Basin

Akinlotan

2017

Geological Journal

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Palaeoenvironmental reconstructions of the Wealden (Lower Cretaceous) in southeast England have been previously based mainly on field and fossil data. This study presents new interpretations of multi-proxy data sets such as sandstone petrography, elemental geochemistry and sideritic ironstones, supplemented by outcrop and clay mineralogical data. The dominance of quartz arenites, kaolinite and thorium and the presence of Zr in the sediments suggest that they were sourced mainly from granitic and/or gneissic rocks. Materials from metamorphic sources are secondary in abundance. The mineral and textural maturity of the sediments coupled with inferred short transport distances suggests reworking from older sources. Palaeoclimatic conditions in the source areas were generally warm and humid in nature, which supported an intensive weathering regime. The nature of the sediments suggests they may have been sourced directly or indirectly from a stable craton. The lithology, facies, sedimentary structures, architecture and gamma ray data confirm the freshwater origin of the sediments. Redox-sensitive trace elements such as Mo, U, V and Co suggest anoxic conditions in the basin. The results presented in this paper reinforce the importance of integrating multi-proxy data sets for interpreting the palaeoenvironmental conditions of sedimentary basins: when traditional data sets such as field and fossil data are not readily available or insufficient to enable adequate interpretations, the integration of petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical data sets may prove to be useful in similar palaeoenvironmental studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Multi‐proxy approach to palaeoenvironmental modelling: the English Lower Cretaceous Weald Basin

Akinlotan

2017

Geological Journal

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“…Carbonate minerals are one of the major components of the sedimentary rock record. While the vast majority of carbonate rocks comprise the minerals calcite (CaCO 3 ), aragonite (CaCO 3 ), and dolomite (CaMg(CO 3 ) 2 ), other carbonate minerals, such as siderite (FeCO 3 ) can also be common (Baker, Kassan, & Hamilton, ; Konhauser et al, ). Siderite forms under certain unusual environmental conditions, often linked to changes in pH, changes in p CO 2 , or changes in microbial metabolism (Dong, ; Konhauser, Newman, & Kappler, ; Van Lith, Warthmann, Vasconcelos, & McKenzie, ; Sanchez‐Roman et al, ; Sanchez‐Roman, Puente‐Sanchez, Parro, & Amils, ; Xiouzhu, Unfei, & Huaiyan, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microbially driven formation of siderite in salt marsh sediments

et al. 2019

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We employ complementary field and laboratory‐based incubation techniques to explore the geochemical environment where siderite concretions are actively forming and growing, including solid‐phase analysis of the sediment, concretion, and associated pore fluid chemistry. These recently formed siderite concretions allow us to explore the geochemical processes that lead to the formation of this less common carbonate mineral. We conclude that there are two phases of siderite concretion growth within the sediment, as there are distinct changes in the carbon isotopic composition and mineralogy across the concretions. Incubated sediment samples allow us to explore the stability of siderite over a range of geochemical conditions. Our incubation results suggest that the formation of siderite can be very rapid (about two weeks or within 400 hr) when there is a substantial source of iron, either from microbial iron reduction or from steel material; however, a source of dissolved iron is not enough to induce siderite precipitation. We suggest that sufficient alkalinity is the limiting factor for siderite precipitation during microbial iron reduction while the lack of dissolved iron is the limiting factor for siderite formation if microbial sulfate reduction is the dominant microbial metabolism. We show that siderite can form via heated transformation (at temperature 100°C for 48 hr) of calcite and monohydrocalcite seeds in the presence of dissolved iron. Our transformation experiments suggest that the formation of siderite is promoted when carbonate seeds are present.

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“…In a petrographic study of the Bowen Basin, Arman (1965) stated that sandstones in the upper part of the Rewan Group (Quartzose Interval) have a relatively high quartz content and low feldspar and lithic content and are more mature than those of the lower and middle parts. Baker et al (1996), in a petrographic and stable isotopic study on siderite composition in the Rewan Group-Showgrounds Sandstone in the Warroon No. 1 Well (Fig.…”

Section: Rewan Group -Showgrounds Sandstone Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Baker et al (1993) showed that the problem of ferric hydroxide precipitation does not necessarily arise from chlorite dissolution. Instead, it may result from simple leaching of ferric iron from chlorite.…”

Section: Effect Of the Clay Minerals On Reservoir Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oxygen isotope composition of the siderites in the Rewan Group implies that host rock accumulation was totally non-marine (Baker et al 1996). The depositional environment for most of the group is interpreted to be a high-sinuosity fluvial system, of meandering to anastomosing style, draining mainly from an easterly (New England Fold Belt) source into the study area (Kassan & Fielding 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Petrography and clay mineralogy of volcanoclastic sandstones in the Triassic Rewan Group, Bowen Basin, Australia

Bashari

2000

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The sandstones of the Early Triassic non-marine Rewan Group in the southern Bowen Basin represent a potential reservoir for hydrocarbons. They are mainly lithic in nature, with a large proportion of volcanic rock fragments and contain quartz grains of variable size and an authigenic clay matrix. The results of petrographic analysis show a dual provenance basin-fill pattern (cratonic-volcanic). Reservoir qualities vary considerably, but are best developed in the Quartzose and Conglomerate Intervals where partial quartz cement retarded compaction and secondary porosity developed by dissolution of labile material and flushing of clay minerals. The presence of different clay minerals in pore networks may have a significant impact on petrophysical properties of the reservoir and hence affect reservoir productivity.

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Early Diagenetic Siderite as an Indicator of Depositional Environment in the Triassic Rewan Group, Southern Bowen Basin, Eastern Australia

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Multi‐proxy approach to palaeoenvironmental modelling: the English Lower Cretaceous Weald Basin

Multi‐proxy approach to palaeoenvironmental modelling: the English Lower Cretaceous Weald Basin

The microbially driven formation of siderite in salt marsh sediments

Petrography and clay mineralogy of volcanoclastic sandstones in the Triassic Rewan Group, Bowen Basin, Australia

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