Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Ruptures of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament

Clinical Diagnosis of an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture: A Meta-analysis

“…45,62,67 Eight additional studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria. 21,25,37,41,43,46,65,66 One study, 55 that was not indexed in 1 of the databases but was identified through personal communication, was added to the included studies. Two articles pertained to the same study.…”

Prospective Stress Radiographic Study of Knee Ligament Injuries in 62 Patients Treated by Acute Repair

“…If untreated, major injuries may lead to progressive instability and secondary osteoarthrosis (Alm 1974, Jacobsen 1977b. Secondary reconstructive operations have never given consistently favourable results (Ellison 1979, Fetto & Marshall 1980, Hunter et al 1979, Jacobsen & Rosenkilde 1977, Jones 1980, Kennedy et al 1978, Lipscomb et al 1979, whereas active treatment in the acute stage is technically simpler and appears to afford better therapeutic results (O'Donoghue 1955, Liljedahl et al 1965. In Scandinavia, Palmer, as early as 1938, advocated acute repair of total collateral ligament injuries and injuries involving the cruciate ligaments.…”

Successful Arthroscopic Primary Repair of a Chronic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear 11 Years Following Injury

“…Over the ensuing decades, the surgical treatment of primary ACL repair was further popularized by Palmer in the 1930s and 1940s [24] and O'Donoghue in the 1950s and 1960s [20][21][22] and, initially, the short-term results of open primary ACL repair were excellent [15,17,29].…”